Marton Attila
Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary.
Juhász-Nagy Pál Doctoral School University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary.
Ecol Evol. 2021 May 13;11(13):8420-8423. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7669. eCollection 2021 Jul.
Multiple parasitism in obligate avian brood parasites occurs when several brood parasitic females lay their eggs in the nest of the same host. While multiple parasitism is common in the highly social, nonevicting cowbird species (Molothrus sp.), in which multiple parasitic nestlings can be raised simultaneously by the same hosts, it is less common in the case of cuckoo species (Cuculus sp.). The first cuckoo nestling to hatch from the egg evicts all nestmates; therefore, it is costly for cuckoo females to lay eggs in already parasitized nests. However, this can occur in sites with very high parasitism rates, and it can even increase the breeding success of the brood parasites, as the presence of multiple parasitic eggs in the nest of the host decreases rejection rates. Here, we present a case of a quintuple brood parasitism of a great reed warbler () nest, an extreme form of multiple brood parasitism.
当几只巢寄生雌鸟在同一宿主的巢中产卵时，就会出现专性鸟类巢寄生中的多重寄生现象。虽然多重寄生在高度群居、不驱赶宿主的褐头牛鹂属（Molothrus sp.）物种中很常见，在这种情况下，同一宿主可以同时养育多只巢寄生雏鸟，但在杜鹃属（Cuculus sp.）物种中则不太常见。第一只从卵中孵化出来的杜鹃雏鸟会将所有巢伴驱逐出去；因此，杜鹃雌鸟在已经被寄生的巢中产卵成本很高。然而，这种情况可能发生在寄生率非常高的地方，甚至可以提高巢寄生者的繁殖成功率，因为宿主巢中存在多个寄生卵会降低被拒绝率。在这里，我们展示了一个大苇莺（）巢被五重巢寄生的案例，这是多重巢寄生的一种极端形式。
