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酵母中海鞘甾烷型三萜的生物合成。

Biosynthesis of the Oleanane-Type Triterpenoids of Tunicosaponins in Yeast.

机构信息

School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resource, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.

Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.

出版信息

ACS Synth Biol. 2021 Aug 20;10(8):1874-1881. doi: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00065. Epub 2021 Jul 14.

Abstract

Tunicosaponins are natural products extracted from , which is an important ingredient of Yunnan Baiyao Powder, an ancient and famous Asian herbal medicine. The representative aglycones of tunicosaponins are the oleanane-type triterpenoids of gypsogenin and quillaic acid, which were found to manipulate a broad range of virus-host fusion via wrapping the heptad repeat-2 (HR2) domain prevalent in viral envelopes. However, the unknown biosynthetic pathway and difficulty in chemical synthesis hinder the therapeutic use of tunicosaponins. Here, two novel cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases that take part in the biosynthesis of tunicosaponins, CYP716A262 (CYP091) and CYP72A567 (CYP099), were identified from . In addition, the whole biosynthesis pathway of the tunicosaponin aglycones was reconstituted in yeast by transforming the platform strain BY-bAS with the CYP716A262 and CYP716A567 genes, the resulting strain could produce 146.84 and 314.01 mg/L of gypsogenin and quillaic acid, respectively. This synthetic biology platform for complicated metabolic pathways elucidation and microbial cell factories construction can provide alternative sources of important natural products, helping conserve natural plant resources.

摘要

海鞘素是从海鞘中提取的天然产物,海鞘是云南白药粉的重要成分,云南白药粉是一种古老而著名的亚洲草药。海鞘素的代表性苷元是齐墩果酸型五环三萜的吉普斯苷元和奎拉酸,它们被发现通过包裹病毒包膜中普遍存在的七肽重复 2(HR2)结构域来操纵广泛的病毒-宿主融合。然而,未知的生物合成途径和化学合成的困难阻碍了海鞘素的治疗用途。在这里,从海鞘中鉴定出两种参与海鞘素生物合成的新型细胞色素 P450 依赖性单加氧酶 CYP716A262(CYP091)和 CYP72A567(CYP099)。此外,通过将 CYP716A262 和 CYP716A567 基因转化到平台菌株 BY-bAS 中,在酵母中重新构建了海鞘素苷元的全生物合成途径,所得菌株分别可以产生 146.84 和 314.01mg/L 的吉普斯苷元和奎拉酸。该用于复杂代谢途径阐明和微生物细胞工厂构建的合成生物学平台可以提供重要天然产物的替代来源,有助于保护天然植物资源。

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