EHESP French School of Public Health, Rennes and Paris, France.
Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
PLoS One. 2021 Jul 14;16(7):e0253263. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253263. eCollection 2021.
To adapt communications concerning vaccine prevention, we studied knowledge, beliefs and practices around meningitis risk and prevention in a young adult population in Burkina Faso in 2016, 5 years after the MenAfriVac® mass campaign and one year before the vaccine's inclusion in the infant immunization schedule.
In a representative sample of the population aged 15 to 33 years (N = 220) in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, study nurses administered a standardized paper questionnaire consisting of predominantly open questions, collecting information on meningitis risk factors and prevention, and on exposure to dry air and kitchen fire smoke. We identified themes and analyzed their frequency. We created a meningitis knowledge score (range 0 to 4) based on pre-defined best responses and analyzed the determinants of knowledge score levels ≥2 (basic score) and ≥3 (high score) using multivariate logistic regression.
Biomedically supported facts and good practices were known by the majority of participants (eg vaccine prevention, 84.5%). Younger women aged 15-20 years had a higher frequency of low scores <2 (17.0%) compared to older women aged 21-33 years (6.3%) and men of both age groups (3.8%). Junior secondary School attendance explained the differences between the two groups of women, the gender gap for the older, but not the young women, and explained score differences among young women. Local understandings and practices for risk and prevention were commonly reported and used (risk from unripe mango consumption and prevention through nasal application of shea nut butter).
This study shows a gender gap in knowledge of meningitis risk and prevention, largely due to education-level inequalities. Women below 21 years had particularly low levels of knowledge and may need interventions outside schools and perinatal care. Our study suggests a strong adherence to local understandings of and practices around meningitis risk and prevention, which should be taken into account by vaccination promotion.
为了调整疫苗预防相关的沟通，我们于 2016 年在布基纳法索的博博迪乌拉索对 15 至 33 岁的年轻成年人进行了一项研究，旨在了解他们对脑膜炎风险和预防的认知、信念和实践，这是在 MenAfriVac®大规模疫苗接种运动五年后和该疫苗纳入婴儿免疫计划前一年进行的。
在布基纳法索博博迪乌拉索的一个代表性的 15 至 33 岁人群样本（N=220）中，研究护士使用标准化的纸质问卷对参与者进行了调查，问卷主要采用开放式问题，收集有关脑膜炎危险因素和预防措施的信息，以及暴露于干燥空气和厨房烟雾的情况。我们确定了主题并分析了其频率。我们根据预先定义的最佳答案创建了脑膜炎知识评分（范围为 0 至 4），并使用多变量逻辑回归分析了知识评分≥2（基本评分）和≥3（高分）的决定因素。
大多数参与者（例如疫苗预防）都知道有医学依据的事实和良好的实践（84.5%）。15-20 岁的年轻女性中，得分<2（17.0%）的比例高于 21-33 岁的女性（6.3%）和两个年龄组的男性（3.8%）。初中教育程度的差异解释了两个女性群体之间的差异，这种差异在年龄较大的女性中存在性别差距，但在年轻女性中不存在，也解释了年轻女性之间的得分差异。人们普遍报告和使用与风险和预防相关的当地认知和做法（食用未成熟芒果的风险和通过鼻腔涂抹乳木果油来预防）。
本研究显示，脑膜炎风险和预防知识方面存在性别差距，这主要是由于教育水平不平等造成的。21 岁以下的女性知识水平特别低，可能需要在校外和围产期护理之外采取干预措施。我们的研究表明，人们对脑膜炎风险和预防有着强烈的当地认知和实践，这应该在疫苗推广中得到考虑。
