Jones A W, Neiman J, Hillbom M
Department of Alcohol Toxicology, National Laboratory of Forensic Chemistry, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
Alcohol Alcohol Suppl. 1987;1:213-7.
In a crossover design experiment, we investigated the elimination kinetics of ethanol and acetaldehyde during the calcium carbimide (CC)-alcohol flush reaction. Ten healthy men swallowed a tablet of calcium carbimide (50 mg) or placebo and about 2 hours later drank 0.25 g/kg ethanol within 5 min. The pulmonary blood concentrations of ethanol and acetaldehyde were estimated indirectly by analysis of end-expired alveolar air. The onset of facial flushing and associated cardiovascular response coincided with the peak concentrations of ethanol and acetaldehyde in blood. The speed of absorption of alcohol was faster in subjects treated with CC. A smaller volume of distribution of ethanol was evident after pretreatment with CC; 0.636 L/kg compared with 0.675 L/kg after placebo. The rate of elimination of ethanol from blood was about 5% slower in subjects given the CC tablet. The disposition kinetics of acetaldehyde were markedly different when aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) was inhibited. The maximum blood-levels of acetaldehyde ranged from 40-242 microM compared with 1.7-6.5 microM in the placebo control experiments. The elimination half-life of acetaldehyde after CC treatment ranged from 18-31 min. Our results do not support a significant role of acetaldehyde in regulating in-vivo metabolism of ethanol in humans.
在一项交叉设计实验中，我们研究了在卡巴咪嗪（CC）-酒精潮红反应期间乙醇和乙醛的消除动力学。10名健康男性吞服一片卡巴咪嗪（50毫克）或安慰剂，约2小时后在5分钟内饮用0.25克/千克乙醇。通过分析呼出终末肺泡气间接估算乙醇和乙醛的肺血浓度。面部潮红的发作及相关心血管反应与血液中乙醇和乙醛的峰值浓度同时出现。CC治疗组受试者酒精吸收速度更快。CC预处理后乙醇的分布容积明显较小，分别为0.636升/千克和安慰剂组的0.675升/千克。服用CC片的受试者血液中乙醇的消除速率约慢5%。当醛脱氢酶（ALDH）被抑制时，乙醛的处置动力学明显不同。乙醛的最大血药浓度范围为40 - 242微摩尔，而安慰剂对照实验中为1.7 - 6.5微摩尔。CC治疗后乙醛的消除半衰期范围为18 - 31分钟。我们的结果不支持乙醛在调节人体乙醇体内代谢中起重要作用。
