Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Sanitation, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Computer Science Department, Western Parana State University, Foz do Iguassu, Parana, Brazil.
Med Vet Entomol. 2021 Dec;35(4):617-624. doi: 10.1111/mve.12540. Epub 2021 Jul 16.
Billions of people are at risk due to mosquito-borne diseases. Ideally, the control of mosquito-borne diseases should integrate mosquito control and surveillance to maximize transmission prevention while minimizing environmental impacts. Mosquito surveillance is often limited in scope by logistical constraints, especially the labour and expertise in identifying captured mosquitoes. Mosquito sounds, primarily the wingbeat frequencies (WBF), have been extensively studied in the literature, often targeting a straightforward assessment of this technology with species identification in laboratory conditions. Optical sensors for measuring the WBF of free-flying mosquitoes are the most recent proposal to automate species identification. However, many of the factors that may influence WBF within and between species have not been fully examined, resulting in failures in the species identification. Here we show that body size and temperature modify the wingbeat frequency of female Aedes [Stegomyia] aegypti Linnaeus (Diptera:Culicidae) and such an optical sensor can capture these alterations. We demonstrate that this study's optical sensor can distinguish wingbeat frequency from large and small mosquitoes at different temperatures. The relationship between WBF and size should be taken into account to improve the accuracy of devices that automatically identify species using WBF.
由于蚊子传播的疾病，数十亿人面临风险。理想情况下，蚊子传播疾病的控制应整合蚊子控制和监测，以最大限度地预防传播，同时将环境影响降至最低。蚊子监测通常受到后勤限制的限制，特别是在识别捕获的蚊子方面的劳动力和专业知识。蚊子的声音，主要是翅膀拍打频率（WBF），在文献中得到了广泛的研究，通常针对在实验室条件下对这项技术进行简单的评估，包括物种识别。用于测量自由飞行蚊子的 WBF 的光学传感器是自动化物种识别的最新建议。然而，许多可能影响物种内和物种间 WBF 的因素尚未得到充分研究，导致物种识别失败。在这里，我们表明体型和温度会改变雌性埃及伊蚊（Stegomyia aegypti Linnaeus）（双翅目：蚊科）的翅膀拍打频率，并且这种光学传感器可以捕捉到这些变化。我们证明，这项研究的光学传感器可以区分不同温度下大小不同的蚊子的翅膀拍打频率。在使用 WBF 自动识别物种的设备中，应考虑 WBF 与大小之间的关系，以提高设备的准确性。
