Algae Research and Bio-energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India; Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
Department of Life Sciences, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation.
Chemosphere. 2021 Dec;285:131482. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131482. Epub 2021 Jul 12.
Pyrene (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon), an anthropogenic organic pollutant prevalent in various ecological units, receives more attention for bioremediation and energy transformation using microalgae. In this study, we have used pyrene pollutant (50-500 ppm) to evaluate the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC) of Chlorella sorokiniana and the impact on metabolites as well as the induction of lipid biosynthesis to produce renewable biodiesel. Pyrene concentration at 230 ppm (IC) caused half-maximum inhibition for the 96 h incubation. The harvest in the stationary stage (day 16) for C. sorokiniana revealed a biomass generation of 449 ± 7 mg L and 444 ± 8 mg L dcw in the control medium and pyrene IC medium, respectively. An insignificant decline in biomass generation (1.2%) was observed due to the stress effect of the pyrene IC medium on metabolic biosynthesis. Although contrary to biomass generation, IC of pyrene assisted to induce lipid biosynthesis in C. sorokiniana. The improvement in lipid biosynthesis was observed as ~24% higher in pyrene IC compared to the control medium. The chemical composition of the microalgae biomass, metabolites, and lipids was examined using FTIR spectra. The extracted lipid was transesterified to produce biodiesel via methanolic-HSO catalysis. The renewable biodiesel obtained was evaluated using FTIR and H NMR spectra. The transformation efficiency of the lipid of C. sorokiniana in biodiesel was calculated as ~81%. This research offers the incentive in lipid biosynthesis in microalgae cells using pyrene for the production of renewable and sustainable ecological biofuels along with bioremediation of pyrene.
芘（多环芳烃）是一种普遍存在于各种生态单元中的人为有机污染物，由于其具有生物修复和能源转化的潜力，因此受到了越来越多的关注。在这项研究中，我们使用芘污染物（50-500 ppm）来评估小球藻的半最大抑制浓度（IC）以及对代谢物的影响，以及诱导脂质生物合成以生产可再生生物柴油。在 96 小时孵育时，浓度为 230 ppm 的芘（IC）导致抑制作用达到半最大值。在静止阶段（第 16 天）收获的小球藻在对照培养基和芘 IC 培养基中分别产生 449±7 mg·L 和 444±8 mg·L 的干重。由于芘 IC 培养基对代谢生物合成的应激作用，生物量的产生仅略有下降（1.2%）。尽管与生物量的产生相反，但芘的 IC 有助于诱导小球藻中的脂质生物合成。与对照培养基相比，在芘 IC 中观察到脂质生物合成的改善约为 24%。使用 FTIR 光谱检查微藻生物质、代谢物和脂质的化学组成。通过甲醇-HSO 催化将提取的脂质进行酯交换以生产生物柴油。使用 FTIR 和 H NMR 光谱评估可再生生物柴油。小球藻中脂质转化为生物柴油的效率约为 81%。这项研究为使用芘在微藻细胞中进行脂质生物合成提供了动力，以生产可再生和可持续的生态生物燃料，并进行芘的生物修复。
