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近期通过自由基加成到内部烯烃来直接构建对映体富集的立体中心的进展。

Recent advances in the direct construction of enantioenriched stereocenters through addition of radicals to internal alkenes.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.

出版信息

Chem Soc Rev. 2021 Aug 21;50(16):8857-8873. doi: 10.1039/d1cs00208b. Epub 2021 Jul 19.

Abstract

The development of new synthetic methods involving radical intermediates to control the absolute configuration of newly formed stereocenters has seen unprecedented growth in the past few decades. Despite significant advances in this topic, catalytic asymmetric direct construction of stereocenters through addition of radicals to internal alkenes is of special interest due to its potential to simultaneously build (more than) two consecutive stereogenic centers. Methodologies such as chiral Lewis acid catalysis, organocatalysis, and transition metal catalysis have been successfully leveraged to exert enantiocontrol in this challenging domain. This tutorial review highlights the recent significant progress in the realm of rapidly and conveniently building enantioenriched stereocenters via addition of radicals to internal alkenes, with an emphasis on mechanistic scenarios governing the absolute stereochemistry and unmet challenges in this emerging and promising field.

摘要

在过去的几十年中,涉及自由基中间体的新合成方法的发展,以控制新形成的立体中心的绝对构型,呈现出前所未有的增长。尽管在这一主题上取得了重大进展,但通过自由基加成到内部烯烃来催化不对称直接构建立体中心,由于其有可能同时构建(超过)两个连续的立体中心,因此特别有趣。手性路易斯酸催化、有机催化和过渡金属催化等方法已成功地用于在这一具有挑战性的领域中施加对映体控制。本综述重点介绍了通过自由基加成到内部烯烃快速方便地构建对映体富集的立体中心的最新重要进展,强调了控制绝对立体化学的机理情景以及这一新兴且有前途的领域中尚未解决的挑战。

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