Adams Haley, Stefanucci Jeanine, Creem-Regehr Sarah, Pointon Grant, Thompson William, Bodenheimer Bobby
IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph. 2022 Dec;28(12):4624-4639. doi: 10.1109/TVCG.2021.3097978. Epub 2022 Oct 26.
Virtual objects in augmented reality (AR) often appear to float atop real world surfaces, which makes it difficult to determine where they are positioned in space. This is problematic as many applications for AR require accurate spatial perception. In the current study, we examine how the way we render cast shadows-which act as an important monocular depth cue for creating a sense of contact between an object and the surface beneath it-impacts spatial perception. Over two experiments, we evaluate people's sense of surface contact given both traditional and non-traditional shadow shading methods in optical see-through augmented reality (OST AR), video see-through augmented reality (VST AR), and virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays. Our results provide evidence that nontraditional shading techniques for rendering shadows in AR displays may enhance the accuracy of one's perception of surface contact. This finding implies a possible tradeoff between photorealism and accuracy of depth perception, especially in OST AR displays. However, it also supports the use of more stylized graphics like non-traditional cast shadows to improve perception and interaction in AR applications.
增强现实（AR）中的虚拟物体常常看似漂浮在现实世界的表面之上，这使得难以确定它们在空间中的位置。由于许多AR应用都需要精确的空间感知，所以这是个问题。在当前的研究中，我们探究了我们渲染投射阴影的方式——投射阴影作为一种重要的单眼深度线索，用于在物体与其下方表面之间营造接触感——如何影响空间感知。在两个实验中，我们在光学透视增强现实（OST AR）、视频透视增强现实（VST AR）和虚拟现实（VR）头戴式显示器中，评估了在传统和非传统阴影着色方法下人们对表面接触的感知。我们的结果表明，AR显示器中用于渲染阴影的非传统着色技术可能会提高人们对表面接触感知的准确性。这一发现意味着在逼真度和深度感知准确性之间可能存在权衡，尤其是在OST AR显示器中。然而，它也支持使用更具风格化的图形，如非传统投射阴影，以改善AR应用中的感知和交互。
