DNA synthesis rate and unlabeled cells with S-phase DNA content in P388 leukemic cells in vivo studied by flow cytometry and cell sorting.

DNA synthesis kinetics of P388 leukemic cells growing in ascites form in BDF1 hybrid mice were investigated during the periods of exponential growth and growth restriction. Incorporation of tritiated thymidine, and in some instances tritiated uridine, was studied by autoradiography in cells sorted from S-phase fractions during DNA flow cytometry. During exponential growth continuous labeling with tritiated thymidine indicated a growth fraction of unity, whereas the growth fraction was about 30% during growth restriction. At this growth phase the majority of cells with S phase DNA content remained unlabeled after pulse labeling with tritiated thymidine or uridine, indicating that both the "salvage" and the "de novo" DNA synthesis pathways were blocked in most S-phase cells. After pulse labeling with tritiated thymidine the DNA synthesis rate pattern was investigated by sorting of consecutive fractions of cells throughout the S phase followed by quantitative autoradiography. With exception of a reduced rate in the middle of S phase, the DNA synthesis rate increased as the cells progressed through S phase during exponential growth. In contrast, the DNA synthesis rate pattern had a relative peak in the middle of S phase during growth restriction, which is otherwise characterized by a low mean DNA synthesis rate.