San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Parlier, CA, 93648, USA.
San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Parlier, CA, 93648, USA.
Virology. 2021 Oct;562:87-91. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.07.006. Epub 2021 Jul 13.
Vertical transmission of Homalodisca vitripennis reovirus (HoVRV) from glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS, Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar)) females to progeny occurred in laboratory assays at frequencies too low (2.6%-15.4%) to account for HoVRV incidence (90-100%) in field populations resident in citrus. Because citrus is immune to HoVRV and no plant host is known, horizontal transmission of HoVRV from insect-to-insect was evaluated. Exposure of colony-reared, virus-free test nymphs to HoVRV-infected source adults held in the same cage for 10 days on virus-immune cowpea resulted in HoVRV transmission (13.3%-30.7%) to test nymphs. HoVRV was not transmitted when exposure was indirect and required passive movement of virions through the xylem of immune citrus seedlings. Collectively, these results demonstrate direct insect-to-insect horizontal transmission of HoVRV, providing a plausible explanation for high incidence of HoVRV in GWSS field populations in the absence of efficient vertical transmission or a plant host.
玻璃翼蝉（Homalodisca vitripennis （Germar））雌虫垂直传播美洲大蠊病毒（HoVRV）给后代的频率很低（2.6%-15.4%），不足以解释在柑橘园驻留的野生物种中 HoVRV 的高发病率（90-100%）。由于柑橘对 HoVRV 具有免疫力，且没有已知的植物宿主，因此评估了 HoVRV 从昆虫到昆虫的水平传播。将无病毒的饲养 Colony 试验若虫暴露于同一笼中感染 HoVRV 的源成虫 10 天，用免疫豇豆喂养，结果显示 HoVRV 能够传播给试验若虫（13.3%-30.7%）。当暴露是间接的，并且需要病毒粒子通过免疫柑橘幼苗的木质部被动移动时，HoVRV 则无法传播。总的来说，这些结果表明 HoVRV 可通过直接的昆虫到昆虫水平传播，为在缺乏有效垂直传播或植物宿主的情况下，玻璃翼蝉野生物种中 HoVRV 的高发病率提供了一个合理的解释。
