Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, 04011 Košice, Slovakia.
Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 1;22(13):7109. doi: 10.3390/ijms22137109.
Erythropoietin (EPO) acts on multiple tissues through its receptor EPOR, a member of a cytokine class I receptor superfamily with pleiotropic effects. The interaction of EPO and EPOR triggers the activation of several signaling pathways that induce erythropoiesis, including JAK2/STAT5, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK. The canonical EPOR/JAK2/STAT5 pathway is a known regulator of differentiation, proliferation, and cell survival of erythroid progenitors. In addition, its role in the protection of other cells, including cancer cells, is under intense investigation. The involvement of EPOR/JAK2/STAT5 in other processes such as mRNA splicing, cytoskeleton reorganization, and cell metabolism has been recently described. The transcriptomics, proteomics, and epigenetic studies reviewed in this article provide a detailed understanding of EPO signalization. Advances in this area of research may be useful for improving the efficacy of EPO therapy in hematologic disorders, as well as in cancer treatment.
促红细胞生成素 (EPO) 通过其受体 EPOR 作用于多种组织，EPOR 是细胞因子 I 类受体超家族的成员，具有多种作用。EPO 与 EPOR 的相互作用触发了几种信号通路的激活，这些信号通路诱导红细胞生成，包括 JAK2/STAT5、PI3K/AKT 和 MAPK。经典的 EPOR/JAK2/STAT5 通路是红细胞祖细胞分化、增殖和细胞存活的已知调节剂。此外，其在保护包括癌细胞在内的其他细胞中的作用也正在深入研究中。最近描述了 EPOR/JAK2/STAT5 在其他过程中的作用，如 mRNA 剪接、细胞骨架重排和细胞代谢。本文综述的转录组学、蛋白质组学和表观遗传学研究提供了对 EPO 信号转导的详细了解。该研究领域的进展可能有助于提高 EPO 治疗血液系统疾病以及癌症治疗的疗效。
