Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
Department of Surgery & Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Accid Anal Prev. 2021 Sep;159:106296. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106296. Epub 2021 Jul 17.
Alberta remains the only province in Canada without booster seat legislation. To date, analyses of booster seat effectiveness compared with seatbelt only use have demonstrated mixed findings using observational data.
This study uses Alberta police collision report data for the years 2010-2016, inclusive. Using a case-control study design, children aged four to eight years, who were reported by police to be injured (cases), were compared with uninjured controls for restraint use (seatbelt, booster seat or no restraint). Logistic regression was used to estimate the relation between booster seat use and injury with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), stratified by collision types.
There were 12,922 children involved in collisions, of whom 570 were injured. Approximately 62% of all children included in the analysis were in a booster seat or safety seat at the time of collision. Crude analysis indicates higher odds of injury for seatbelt wearers compared with booster seat use (OR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02-1.44). Front-end vehicle-vehicle collisions, demonstrated higher odds of injury for seatbelt wearers relative to those in booster seats (aOR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.03-2.07).
This analysis indicates a protective effect of booster seats that varies depending on the type of collision and impact location. These regionally-specific injury data may encourage and inform policy on the use of booster seats. Moreover, stratification by collision type may be necessary to inform analyses on booster seat effectiveness.
艾伯塔省仍然是加拿大唯一没有助推器座椅立法的省份。迄今为止，使用观察数据对助推器座椅的有效性与仅使用安全带进行的比较分析得出的结果喜忧参半。
本研究使用 2010-2016 年艾伯塔省警方碰撞报告数据。使用病例对照研究设计，报告由警方受伤的 4 至 8 岁儿童（病例）与未受伤的对照组（安全带、助推器座椅或无约束）比较约束使用情况。使用逻辑回归估计使用助推器座椅与受伤之间的关系，调整后的优势比（aOR）和 95%置信区间（CI），按碰撞类型分层。
共有 12922 名儿童参与碰撞，其中 570 人受伤。在分析中包括的所有儿童中，约有 62%在碰撞时坐在助推器座椅或安全座椅上。初步分析表明，与使用助推器座椅相比，安全带佩戴者受伤的几率更高（OR=1.21；95%CI：1.02-1.44）。前端车辆对车辆碰撞显示，安全带佩戴者受伤的几率相对较高，与使用助推器座椅的人相比（aOR=1.46；95%CI：1.03-2.07）。
这项分析表明，助推器座椅具有保护作用，但取决于碰撞类型和撞击位置。这些区域特定的伤害数据可能会鼓励并为助推器座椅的使用政策提供信息。此外，按碰撞类型分层可能对于助推器座椅有效性的分析是必要的。
