Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Yi Chuan. 2021 Jun 20;43(6):580-600. doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.21-087.
Genetic modification technologies can be used for modifying animal genome to express exogenous genes or affect the function of endogenous genes. In animal breeding, genetic modification technologies allow the rapid generation of germplasms with beneficial traits. It includes traditional genetic modification, virus or sperm carrier-mediated genetic modification and nuclease-mediated genome editing, especially the CRISPR/Cas9, one of the artificial nuclease genome editing technologies, have been applied in genome editing in many domestic animals including sheep (Ovis aries). Compared with conventional strategies used for animal breeding, there is great value for sheep breeding improvement by using genome editing technology, which is more effective and timesaving. In this review, we summarize the approaches of genetic modification in sheep and discuss the possibility of molecular design and breeding of sheep by genome editing technologies. We also identify the potential bottlenecks and challenges of these technologies in sheep breeding.
遗传修饰技术可用于修饰动物基因组以表达外源基因或影响内源性基因的功能。在动物育种中，遗传修饰技术允许快速产生具有有益性状的种质。它包括传统的遗传修饰、病毒或精子载体介导的遗传修饰和核酸酶介导的基因组编辑，特别是 CRISPR/Cas9 等人工核酸酶基因组编辑技术已应用于许多家畜的基因组编辑中，包括绵羊（Ovis aries）。与传统的动物育种策略相比，利用基因组编辑技术对绵羊进行育种改良具有很大的价值，因为它更有效且省时。在本文中，我们总结了绵羊遗传修饰的方法，并讨论了利用基因组编辑技术进行绵羊分子设计和育种的可能性。我们还确定了这些技术在绵羊育种中的潜在瓶颈和挑战。
