Research and Training Laboratory in Applied Chemistry, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Godomey, Benin.
Research Unit in Applied Microbiology and Pharmacology of Natural Substances, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Godomey, Benin.
J Environ Public Health. 2021 Jul 3;2021:6664816. doi: 10.1155/2021/6664816. eCollection 2021.
The study aims to document the level of contamination of the aquatic ecosystem of the Cotonou-Lake Nokoué canal hydrographic complex by multidrug-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes. For this purpose, water samples were taken from several points of the complex and from the sediments at the depth of the lake. Samples of several species of freshly caught fish products from the lake were also collected. Bacteriological analyses were carried out according to the AFNOR standard (NF U: 47-100). The identification of the different bacterial species isolated was then carried out using the API 20E gallery and specific biochemical tests. The antibiogram of the strains was performed according to the recommendations of the EUCAST. Molecular characterization of the identified strains was carried out by searching for resistance and virulence genes. The results obtained revealed the presence of several bacterial species in water samples and in sediment and intestine samples of fishery products with a predominance of Gram-negative bacilli. The resistance profile of Gram-negative bacilli showed a total resistance to metronidazole (100%). 23% of the strains were also resistant to ciprofloxacin, 41% to amoxicillin, and 60% to aztreonam. Of the Gram-positive cocci identified, 66% was resistant to vancomycin, 7.5% to ciprofloxacin, 71% to erythromycin, and 22% to tetracycline. Regarding the genes sought, (46%), (24%), and (31%) were present in the genome of Gram-negative bacilli as resistance genes and (41%) as virulence gene. As for Gram-positive cocci, the gene was completely absent. The was present at 6.25% in and at 21.88 and 33.33%, respectively, in and coagulase-negative staphylococci strains. The high resistance of isolated bacterial strains is a matter of concern and calls for a rational use of antibiotics in order to avoid the transmission of antibiotic resistance from the environment to humans.
本研究旨在记录多药耐药菌及其耐药基因对科托努-诺克乌运河水系水生生态系统的污染程度。为此，从该水系的多个点以及湖泊深处的沉积物中采集水样。还采集了来自该湖的几种新鲜捕捞鱼类产品的样本。细菌学分析按照 AFNOR 标准（NF U:47-100）进行。然后使用 API 20E 图库和特定的生化试验对分离出的不同细菌种类进行鉴定。根据 EUCAST 的建议进行菌株的药敏试验。通过搜索耐药和毒力基因对鉴定出的菌株进行分子特征分析。结果表明，在水样和渔业产品的沉积物和肠组织样本中存在几种细菌，其中革兰氏阴性杆菌占优势。革兰氏阴性杆菌的耐药谱显示对甲硝唑（100%）的完全耐药。23%的菌株对环丙沙星、41%对阿莫西林和 60%对氨曲南也有耐药性。鉴定出的革兰氏阳性球菌中，66%对万古霉素、7.5%对环丙沙星、71%对红霉素和 22%对四环素耐药。在所研究的基因中， (46%)、 (24%)和 (31%)作为耐药基因存在于革兰氏阴性杆菌的基因组中， (41%)作为毒力基因。至于革兰氏阳性球菌， 基因完全不存在。 基因在革兰氏阴性杆菌中分别以 6.25%和 21.88%和 33.33%的频率存在于 和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌株中。分离细菌菌株的高耐药性令人担忧，需要合理使用抗生素，以避免环境中的抗生素耐药性传播给人类。
