Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Albert-Ludwig University, Freiburg, Germany.
J Oral Implantol. 2022 Aug 1;48(4):277-284. doi: 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-20-00315.
Many studies have evaluated short implants (SIs); however, it is still unclear whether SIs are reliable and can be used to simplify surgical and prosthetic protocols with successful clinical outcomes. The aim of this nonrandom, conveniently sampled, prospective, split-mouth study was to compare the clinical outcomes when short SI (≤8 mm) or regular-length implants (RIs; >10 mm) were used in the posterior mandible 2 years after the delivery of splinted reconstructions. Each participant (N = 10) received 4 implants in the posterior mandible; 2 SIs were placed on one side, and 2 RIs were placed contralaterally. Implants were restored with splinted, screw-retained, porcelain-fused-to-metal reconstructions. Survival and success rates, peri-implant marginal bone level (MBL), and soft-tissue parameters were evaluated. No participant dropouts were recorded. Both types of implants showed 100% success and survival rates. From prosthetic delivery to 24 months postloading, bone remineralization of +0.40 mm for the SIs and +0.36 mm for the RIs was observed without statistically significant differences in MBL between the implant types (P = .993). SIs showed significantly higher (P = .001) clinical attachment level and probing depth values. Chipping occurred in one situation in the RI group, resulting in a 97.5% prosthetic success rate, which was 100% for the SIs. After 2 years, SIs with splinted reconstructions showed comparable clinical outcomes to those of RIs. Further long-term controlled clinical studies with balanced experimental designs evaluating random and larger populations are required to corroborate these findings.
许多研究已经评估了短种植体（SIs）；然而，SIs 是否可靠，并且可以用于简化手术和修复方案，以获得成功的临床结果，目前仍不清楚。本非随机、方便取样、前瞻性、分侧研究的目的是比较在后下颌骨中使用短种植体（≤8mm）或常规长度种植体（>10mm）在夹板重建后 2 年的临床结果。每位参与者（N=10）在后下颌骨中植入 4 个种植体；一侧放置 2 个 SIs，对侧放置 2 个 RIs。用夹板固定、螺丝固位、烤瓷熔附金属修复体修复种植体。评估了种植体的存活率和成功率、种植体周围边缘骨水平（MBL）和软组织参数。没有记录到参与者脱落。两种类型的种植体均显示出 100%的成功率和存活率。从修复体交付到负荷后 24 个月，SIs 的骨再矿化为+0.40mm，RIs 的骨再矿化为+0.36mm，两种种植体类型之间的 MBL 没有统计学上的显著差异（P=0.993）。SIs 显示出明显更高的（P=0.001）临床附着水平和探诊深度值。在 RI 组中发生了一次种植体崩瓷，导致修复体成功率为 97.5%，而 SIs 的修复体成功率为 100%。2 年后，带夹板重建的 SIs 与 RIs 的临床结果相当。需要进一步进行长期的、有对照的、设计合理的、评估随机和更大人群的临床研究，以证实这些发现。
