Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Eur Respir Rev. 2021 Jul 20;30(161). doi: 10.1183/16000617.0206-2020. Print 2021 Sep 30.
During submaximal exercise, minute ventilation ( ) increases in proportion to metabolic rate ( carbon dioxide production ( )) to maintain arterial blood gas homeostasis. The ratio / , commonly termed ventilatory efficiency, is a useful tool to evaluate exercise responses in healthy individuals and patients with chronic disease. Emerging research has shown abnormal ventilatory responses to exercise (either elevated or blunted / ) in some chronic respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. This review will briefly provide an overview of the physiology of ventilatory efficiency, before describing the ventilatory responses to exercise in healthy trained endurance athletes, patients with asthma, and patients with obesity. During submaximal exercise, the / response is generally normal in endurance-trained individuals, patients with asthma and patients with obesity. However, in endurance-trained individuals, asthmatics who demonstrate exercise induced-bronchoconstriction, and morbidly obese individuals, the / can be blunted at maximal exercise, likely because of mechanical ventilatory constraint.
在亚最大运动时，分钟通气量（ ）与代谢率（二氧化碳产生（ ））成比例增加，以维持动脉血气稳态。 / 比值，通常称为通气效率，是评估健康个体和慢性疾病患者运动反应的有用工具。 新兴研究表明，一些慢性呼吸和心血管疾病存在异常的运动通气反应（升高或降低 / ）。 本综述将简要概述通气效率的生理学，然后描述健康训练有素的耐力运动员、哮喘患者和肥胖患者的运动通气反应。 在亚最大运动时，耐力训练个体、哮喘患者和肥胖患者的 / 反应通常正常。 然而，在耐力训练个体、运动诱发支气管收缩的哮喘患者和病态肥胖个体中， / 在最大运动时可能会减弱，这可能是由于机械通气受限。
