Department of Child, Youth & Family Studies.
Department of Quantitative Health Sciences.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2021;91(5):626-634. doi: 10.1037/ort0000564. Epub 2021 Jul 22.
There is limited understanding of the prevalence of psychological distress and associated stressors and supports among displaced adults in low- and middle-income first asylum countries.
This article reports the findings of a cross-sectional study. We recruited 245 Congolese adults (18-80 years) residing in Nairobi, Kenya using snowball sampling. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic characteristics, the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and a locally developed stressors and supports survey. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations among sociodemographic, stressor, and support variables and the likelihood of experiencing psychological distress.
More than half of the participants (52.8%) reported symptoms indicative of psychological distress. Factors associated with increased psychological distress included perceiving to have a useful role in one's family or community, AOR = 1.85; 95% CI [1.1.17, 3.11], = .012, feeling confused or not knowing what to do, AOR = 2.13; 95% CI [1.20, 4.6], = .014, and feeling afraid to leave home for medical/health care to help with an illness, AOR = 1.57; 95% CI [1.17, 2.15], < .01. Additionally, ethnic Banyamulenge Congolese adults without legal refugee status had an increased likelihood of experiencing psychological distress, AOR = .07; 95% CI [0, .74], = .035.
Future research is warranted to understand how to implement targeted mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) to improve urban-displaced adults' sense of safety and belonging. Our findings suggest that legal refugee status is an important structural determinant of mental health, which should be considered in MHPSS practice and policy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
对于在中低收入的首个庇护国家中流离失所的成年人，人们对于其心理困扰的普遍程度，以及相关压力源和支持的理解十分有限。
本文报告了一项横断面研究的结果。我们使用滚雪球抽样法，招募了 245 名居住在肯尼亚内罗毕的刚果成年人（18-80 岁）。数据收集采用了访谈式问卷调查，包括社会人口学特征、自我报告问卷（SRQ-20）和当地开发的压力源和支持调查。我们使用多变量逻辑回归来检验社会人口学、压力源和支持变量与经历心理困扰的可能性之间的关联。
超过一半的参与者（52.8%）报告有心理困扰的症状。与增加心理困扰相关的因素包括，在家庭或社区中感知到有用的角色，AOR = 1.85；95%CI [1.1.17, 3.11]，p =.012；感到困惑或不知道该做什么，AOR = 2.13；95%CI [1.20, 4.6]，p =.014；以及害怕离家去医疗/保健机构帮助治疗疾病，AOR = 1.57；95%CI [1.17, 2.15]，p <.01。此外，没有合法难民身份的族裔班亚穆伦格刚果成年人更有可能经历心理困扰，AOR =.07；95%CI [0,.74]，p =.035。
未来的研究需要了解如何实施有针对性的心理健康和心理社会支持（MHPSS），以提高城市流离失所成年人的安全感和归属感。我们的研究结果表明，合法的难民身份是心理健康的一个重要结构性决定因素，这应该在 MHPSS 实践和政策中得到考虑。
