Dept. of Applied Chemistry, Nippon Institute of Technology, 4-1, Gakuendai, Miyashiro, Minami-saitama, Saitama 345-8501, Japan; Environmental Symbiotic System Major, Nippon Institute of Technology, 4-1, Gakuendai, Miyashiro, Minami-saitama, Saitama 345-8501, Japan.
Environmental Symbiotic System Major, Nippon Institute of Technology, 4-1, Gakuendai, Miyashiro, Minami-saitama, Saitama 345-8501, Japan.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2021 Oct;76:105225. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105225. Epub 2021 Jul 20.
Nanoplastics have spread widely throughout not only the oceans but also the atmosphere, and recently created great concern about human health relevant to ingestion and accumulation of the nanoparticles by aquatic organisms in the human food-chain. However, how the nanoplastics have an affect on actual human body remains largely unknown, and in particular, little knowledge about nanoplastic exposure to the nervous system in human has been obtained in vitro and still less vivo. Here, we evaluated how much concentration of nanoplastics had a direct impact on cells in the nervous system as the fundamental information. Specifically, the cytotoxicity was investigated by exposure of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS) to cultured neural cells, human neuroblastoma cells, SH-SY5Y. Our results demonstrated that the PS exposure induced the cytotoxicity in the cells promoted differentiation into neuronal phenotype, and the adverse effect was comparable to or exceed that of acrylamide, a well-recognized potent neurotoxin. Also, the cells under PS exposure exhibited shrinkage of neurite outgrowth, morphology alteration and swelling of the nuclei, and spilling of intracellular components. Moreover, our findings indicate that the concentration of nanoplastics caused the cytotoxicity on neuronal cells is likely to be much higher than those predicted from the marine environment.
纳米塑料不仅广泛分布于海洋中，也存在于大气中，最近人们对其与水生生物摄入和积累纳米颗粒有关的人类健康问题产生了极大的关注。然而，纳米塑料如何影响实际人体在很大程度上仍然未知，特别是关于纳米塑料在体外和体内对神经系统的暴露知之甚少。在这里，我们评估了纳米塑料的浓度对神经细胞的直接影响，以此作为基本信息。具体来说，通过将聚苯乙烯纳米颗粒（PS）暴露于培养的神经细胞、人神经母细胞瘤细胞 SH-SY5Y 来研究细胞毒性。我们的结果表明，PS 暴露会诱导细胞毒性，促进向神经元表型分化，其不良影响可与丙烯酰胺相媲美，甚至超过丙烯酰胺，丙烯酰胺是一种公认的强效神经毒素。此外，PS 暴露下的细胞表现出突起生长收缩、形态改变、细胞核肿胀和细胞内成分溢出。此外，我们的研究结果表明，导致神经元细胞毒性的纳米塑料浓度可能远高于海洋环境中的预测浓度。
