College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China.
College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Oct 1;222:112537. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112537. Epub 2021 Jul 19.
Considering the uncertainty caused by the random error of the sample measurement, the heterogeneity of spatial and temporal distribution of pollutants, and the traditional method of selecting a single parameter for evaluation, based on fuzzy theory, Hakanson potential ecological risk index (considering heavy metal enrichment, ecotoxicity and bioavailability) and United States Environmental Protection Agency health risk assessment system, the fuzzy ecological risk and health risk assessment methods for of heavy metals in soil were established. In the soil of the Jinling Reservoir area, Cd, which has high bioavailability, had the highest average contribution rate to RI, and thus was, regarded as a priority metal for ecological risk. Sites JL9 and JL11 were the priority areas. The heavy metals did not pose a clear hazard to human health, but children had a higher health risk. Pb and As were regarded as the priority metals for health risk. Fuzzy evaluation provided the risk interval and membership degree, contained more parameter information, quantified and reduced the uncertainty of parameters, provided more comprehensive results, and compensated for the deficiency of deterministic evaluation. As the main source of heavy metals, the intensity of agricultural activities in the study area must be controlled to avoid excessive input and accumulation of heavy metals, which may damage the ecological environment and endanger human health.
考虑到样本测量的随机误差、污染物时空分布的异质性以及传统的单一参数评价方法所带来的不确定性，本研究基于模糊理论，采用 Hakanson 潜在生态风险指数（考虑重金属富集、生态毒性和生物有效性）和美国环境保护署健康风险评估系统，建立了土壤重金属的模糊生态风险和健康风险评估方法。在金陵水库区土壤中，具有高生物有效性的 Cd 对 RI 的平均贡献率最高，因此被视为生态风险的优先金属。JL9 和 JL11 两个采样点为优先区域。重金属对人体健康没有明显危害，但儿童的健康风险较高。Pb 和 As 被认为是健康风险的优先金属。模糊评价提供了风险区间和隶属度，包含了更多的参数信息，量化并降低了参数的不确定性，提供了更全面的结果，弥补了确定性评价的不足。作为重金属的主要来源，必须控制研究区农业活动的强度，避免重金属的过度投入和积累，这可能会破坏生态环境，危害人类健康。
