School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Behav Med. 2022 Jul-Dec;48(4):245-250. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2021.1940821. Epub 2021 Jul 23.
Coaction refers to positive change in one behavior increasing the probability of positive change in a second behavior. Because mechanisms of coaction have not been well studied, and its improved comprehension might optimize architectures of multi-component behavioral obesity interventions, this research aimed to incorporate theory to assess whether treatment-associated changes in self-regulation and self-efficacy sequentially mediate an association between increased exercise and improved eating. Women with obesity ( age = 47.9 years) were randomized into community-based obesity treatments with either a self-regulatory skills emphasis ( = 47), or a more equal focus on education and self-management ( = 52). Each treatment aimed to foster weight loss and reductions in health risks. Over 6 months, there were significant improvements in exercise outputs, fruit/vegetable consumption, sweets intake, exercise- and eating-related self-regulation, and exercise- and eating-related self-efficacy that were significantly greater in the high self-regulation group. Using aggregated data, bivariate relationships between changes in exercise, and fruit/vegetable and sweets intake, were significant. Serial mediation analyses indicated that increased exercise outputs were associated with improved eating through the sequential relationships of eating-related self-regulation and self-efficacy, while improved eating was associated with increased exercise more directly through exercise-related self-regulation. Moderation analyses demonstrated stronger associations in the high self-regulation group for relationships between changes in exercise and eating-related self-regulation and self-efficacy only. Results initiated analyses into mechanisms of coaction among exercise and eating behaviors, and reinforced the value of self-regulatory skills enhancement directly and through its effects on domain-specific self-efficacy in behavioral obesity treatments.
协同作用是指一种行为的积极变化增加了第二种行为发生积极变化的可能性。由于协同作用的机制尚未得到很好的研究，而对其更好的理解可能会优化多成分行为肥胖干预措施的结构，因此本研究旨在纳入理论来评估治疗相关的自我调节和自我效能的变化是否依次介导了增加锻炼与改善饮食之间的关联。患有肥胖症的女性（年龄=47.9 岁）被随机分配到基于社区的肥胖症治疗中，其中一组强调自我调节技能（ = 47），另一组更注重教育和自我管理（ = 52）。每种治疗方法都旨在促进体重减轻和降低健康风险。在 6 个月的时间里，高自我调节组的锻炼输出、水果/蔬菜摄入量、甜食摄入量、锻炼和饮食相关的自我调节以及锻炼和饮食相关的自我效能都有显著改善，且改善程度明显高于低自我调节组。使用汇总数据，锻炼与水果/蔬菜和甜食摄入量之间的变化呈显著正相关。序列中介分析表明，锻炼输出的增加与饮食的改善通过饮食相关的自我调节和自我效能的关系相关，而饮食的改善则更直接地通过锻炼相关的自我调节与锻炼的增加相关。调节分析表明，在高自我调节组中，锻炼和饮食相关的自我调节和自我效能之间的变化关系更为强烈。结果引发了对锻炼和饮食行为之间协同作用机制的分析，并强化了在行为肥胖治疗中直接增强自我调节技能及其对特定领域自我效能的影响的价值。
