Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 01 Prague, Czech Republic.
Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 6;22(14):7270. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147270.
The Acyl-CoA-binding domain-containing protein (ACBD3) plays multiple roles across the cell. Although generally associated with the Golgi apparatus, it operates also in mitochondria. In steroidogenic cells, ACBD3 is an important part of a multiprotein complex transporting cholesterol into mitochondria. Balance in mitochondrial cholesterol is essential for proper mitochondrial protein biosynthesis, among others. We generated ACBD3 knock-out (ACBD3-KO) HEK293 and HeLa cells and characterized the impact of protein absence on mitochondria, Golgi, and lipid profile. In ACBD3-KO cells, cholesterol level and mitochondrial structure and functions are not altered, demonstrating that an alternative pathway of cholesterol transport into mitochondria exists. However, ACBD3-KO cells exhibit enlarged Golgi area with absence of stacks and ribbon-like formation, confirming the importance of ACBD3 in Golgi stacking. The glycosylation of the LAMP2 glycoprotein was not affected by the altered Golgi structure. Moreover, decreased sphingomyelins together with normal ceramides and sphingomyelin synthase activity reveal the importance of ACBD3 in ceramide transport from ER to Golgi.
酰基辅酶 A-结合域蛋白 (ACBD3) 在细胞中发挥多种作用。尽管通常与高尔基体有关,但它也在线粒体中起作用。在类固醇生成细胞中,ACBD3 是将胆固醇转运到线粒体的多蛋白复合物的重要组成部分。线粒体胆固醇的平衡对于适当的线粒体蛋白质生物合成等至关重要。我们生成了 ACBD3 敲除 (ACBD3-KO) HEK293 和 HeLa 细胞,并研究了蛋白质缺失对线粒体、高尔基体和脂质谱的影响。在 ACBD3-KO 细胞中,胆固醇水平和线粒体的结构和功能没有改变,表明存在将胆固醇转运到线粒体的替代途径。然而,ACBD3-KO 细胞表现出扩大的高尔基体区域,没有堆叠和带状形成,证实了 ACBD3 在高尔基体堆叠中的重要性。LAMP2 糖蛋白的糖基化不受改变的高尔基体结构的影响。此外,鞘磷脂的减少以及正常的神经酰胺和鞘磷脂合酶活性表明 ACBD3 在神经酰胺从内质网到高尔基体的转运中很重要。
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