Richards C, Pollack E D
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago 60608.
J Exp Zool. 1987 Nov;244(2):223-9. doi: 10.1002/jez.1402440206.
Guppy (Lebistes reticulatus) embryos pass through a distinct sequence of motor behaviors that leads to swimming capability during the course of their development. We have characterized these activities in order of appearance, with several corresponding morphological features, as belonging to the coil stage, tail-twitch stage, S-movement stage, and swimming stage. A primary feature of development was an increase in the amount of activity per unit of time over these four stages. The developmental pattern of motility was not interrupted by spinal transection until the onset of swimming, implying that supraspinal information is not required for the occurrence of the primitive behaviors that precede swimming. Elimination of swimming by spinal transection did not elicit a reversion to less complex activities, suggesting that once the cerebral control for swimming is developed, it represents a hardwired system not behaviorally reducible to antecedent components.
孔雀鱼（虹鳉）胚胎在发育过程中会经历一系列独特的运动行为，最终获得游泳能力。我们已按出现顺序对这些活动及其相应的形态特征进行了描述，它们分别属于卷曲阶段、尾部抽动阶段、S形运动阶段和游泳阶段。发育的一个主要特征是在这四个阶段中单位时间内活动量的增加。运动能力的发育模式在游泳开始前不会因脊髓横断而中断，这意味着在游泳之前的原始行为的发生不需要脊髓以上的信息。通过脊髓横断消除游泳行为并不会引发向较简单活动的逆转，这表明一旦发展出对游泳的大脑控制，它就代表了一个硬连线系统，在行为上无法还原为先前的组成部分。
