藻类介导的废水增值对循环生物经济的潜在影响的洞察：全球视角。
Insights into the potential impact of algae-mediated wastewater beneficiation for the circular bioeconomy: A global perspective.
机构信息
Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Phycology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India.
出版信息
J Environ Manage. 2021 Nov 1;297:113257. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113257. Epub 2021 Jul 23.
Algae-based technologies are one of the emerging solutions to societal issues such as accessibility to clean water and carbon-neutral energy and are a contender for the circular bioeconomy. In this review, recent developments in the use of different algal species for nutrient recovery and biomass production in wastewater, challenges, and future perspectives have been addressed. The ratio and bioavailability of nutrients in wastewater are vital parameters, which significantly impact nutrient recovery efficiency and algal biomass production. However, the optimum nutrient concentration and ratio may vary depending upon the microalgal species as well as cultivation conditions. The use of indigenous algae and algae-based consortia with other microorganisms has been proved promising in improving nutrient recovery efficiency and biomass production in pilot scale operations. However, environmental and cultivation conditions also play a significant role in determining the feasibility of the process. This review further focused on the assessment of the potential benefits of algal biomass production, renewable biofuel generation, and CO sequestration using wastewater in different countries on the basis of available data on wastewater generation and estimated nutrient contents. It was estimated that 5-10% replacement of fossil crude requirement with algal biofuels would require ~952-1903 billion m of water, 10-21 billion tons of nitrogen, and 2-4 billion tons of phosphorus fertilizers. In this context, coupling wastewater treatment and algal biomass production seem to be the most sustainable option with potential global benefits of polishing wastewater through nutrients recycling and carbon dioxide sequestration.
基于藻类的技术是解决社会问题的新兴解决方案之一，例如获得清洁水和碳中和能源，并且是循环生物经济的竞争者。在这篇综述中，探讨了不同藻类物种在废水营养物质回收和生物质生产中的最新应用进展、面临的挑战和未来展望。废水中养分的比例和生物可利用性是重要的参数，它们对营养物质回收效率和藻类生物质生产有重大影响。然而，最佳营养浓度和比例可能因微藻物种以及培养条件而异。利用土著藻类和藻类联合体与其他微生物结合，已被证明在提高营养物质回收效率和生物量生产方面具有广阔的前景，特别是在中试规模的操作中。然而，环境和培养条件也在确定该过程的可行性方面起着重要作用。本综述进一步重点评估了利用废水生产藻类生物质、可再生生物燃料和 CO2 固存的潜在效益，基于废水产生和估计的养分含量的现有数据，评估了不同国家的情况。据估计，用藻类生物燃料替代 5-10%的化石原油需求，将需要 952-1903 亿立方米的水、10-210 亿吨氮和 2-40 亿吨磷肥。在这种情况下，废水处理和藻类生物质生产相结合似乎是最可持续的选择，通过回收营养物质和二氧化碳固存，具有全球净化废水的潜在效益。
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