University of Kent and GLO, CC.216 Cornwallis, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NF, UK.
University of Michigan and NBER, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Econ Hum Biol. 2021 Dec;43:101038. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2021.101038. Epub 2021 Jul 13.
Employment is one of the most critical determinants of health and health behaviors for adults. This study focuses on Ukraine and measures how an involuntary job loss - defined as job loss due to business closures, reorganizations, bankruptcies, or privatization - affects BMI, being overweight or obese, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. There are three reasons to study Ukraine in the aftermath of an enormous economic transition that resulted in employment contraction as high as 40 % compared to 1990. First, nearly all published studies on the relationship between job loss and health and health behaviors have been on developed countries, meaning that our study fills the gap in the literature on transition economies. Second, the job losses that we study are plausibly exogenous and affected a significant share of the population. Third, the longitudinal survey follows individuals for up to 10 years starting from 2003, allowing us to capture the long-term effects of past job loss on outcomes at a specific point in time and their trajectories across the life cycle. Applying growth-curve models, we show that past involuntary job loss significantly alters the age trajectories of all considered outcomes at both extensive and intensive margins.
就业是成年人健康和健康行为的最重要决定因素之一。本研究以乌克兰为重点,衡量由于企业关闭、重组、破产或私有化而导致的非自愿失业(定义为失业)如何影响 BMI、超重或肥胖、吸烟、饮酒和身体活动。有三个原因可以解释为什么要在经历了巨大的经济转型之后研究乌克兰,这场经济转型导致就业收缩高达 40%,与 1990 年相比。首先,几乎所有关于失业与健康和健康行为之间关系的已发表研究都集中在发达国家,这意味着我们的研究填补了转型经济体文献中的空白。其次,我们研究的失业很可能是外生的,并且影响了很大一部分人口。第三,纵向调查从 2003 年开始对个人进行长达 10 年的跟踪,使我们能够捕捉到过去失业对特定时间点的结果以及整个生命周期的轨迹的长期影响。通过应用增长曲线模型,我们表明过去的非自愿失业显著改变了所有考虑因素在广泛和密集边际上的年龄轨迹。