土人参（马齿苋科土人参属）叶——营养物质、抗氧化及抗菌潜力的来源。

Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn. leaves - source of nutrients, antioxidant and antibacterial potentials.

作者信息

Menezes Fabiana Daniella de Araújo Borges, Ishizawa Taís Aragão, Souto Luciana Reis Fontinelle, Oliveira Tatianne Ferreira de

机构信息

Engenharia de Alimentos, Escola de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.

出版信息

Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment. 2021 Jul-Sep;20(3):253-263. doi: 10.17306/J.AFS.0892.

DOI:10.17306/J.AFS.0892

PMID:34304544

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The diet of most of the population is limited to a reduced number of plants, even in areas that have a varied and extensive diversity, such as Brazil. Unconventional Food Plants (UFPs) are plants considered exotic, native, and wild that grow naturally and can be used as food. Among these is Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn., which is widespread throughout Brazil and can be a potential source of nutrients. Due to the potential of utilization of UFPs in human food and the lack of studies regarding the composition of T. paniculatum, this study aimed to assess the nutritional value of T. paniculatum leaves, their antioxidant capacity, and their antimicrobial activity for possible use in food.

METHODS

The characterization of the leaves of T. paniculatum was carried out through analyses of proximal composition, color, ascorbic acid, mineral profile, and antinutritional factors showing the presence of condensed and hydrolysable tannins and nitrates in low concentrations. Solvents of water, ethanol, ethanol/water, methanol, methanol/water, methanol/acetic acid and acetone/water/acetic acid were used to evaluate the extraction yield of phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial activity of the extracts.

RESULTS

High contents of protein (18.61 g 100 g-1), insoluble dietary fiber (34.75 g 100 g-1), ascorbic acid (81.03 mg 100 g-1), magnesium, potassium, and calcium (649.600, 411.520 and 228.117 mg 100 g-1, respectively) were observed. Extraction using the mixture of solvents of methanol/acetic acid showed the highest yield of phenolic compounds (432.73 mg EAG 100 g-1) and antioxidant capacity using the DPPH assay (3144.92 mg 100 g-1). Bacillus cereus growth was inhibited by the T. paniculatum extracts.

CONCLUSIONS

T. paniculatum leaves are a source of nutrients and their extracts have antioxidant and antibacterial potentials which can be used as supplements in food to improve one's health.

摘要

背景

即使在像巴西这样拥有丰富多样植物种类的地区，大多数人的饮食也局限于少数几种植物。非常规食用植物（UFPs）是指那些自然生长的、被认为是外来的、本地的或野生的且可作为食物的植物。锥花土人参（Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn.）就是其中之一，它在巴西广泛分布，可能是一种潜在的营养来源。鉴于非常规食用植物在人类食物中的利用潜力以及关于锥花土人参成分的研究匮乏，本研究旨在评估锥花土人参叶的营养价值、抗氧化能力及其抗菌活性，以便其有可能用于食品中。

方法

通过对近端成分、颜色、抗坏血酸、矿物质概况以及抗营养因子的分析来对锥花土人参叶进行表征，结果显示其中存在缩合单宁和水解单宁以及低浓度的硝酸盐。使用水、乙醇、乙醇/水、甲醇、甲醇/水、甲醇/乙酸以及丙酮/水/乙酸等溶剂来评估酚类化合物的提取率、提取物的抗氧化能力和抗菌活性。

结果

观察到蛋白质（18.61 g 100 g⁻¹）、不溶性膳食纤维（34.75 g 100 g⁻¹）、抗坏血酸（81.03 mg 100 g⁻¹）、镁、钾和钙（分别为649.600、411.520和228.117 mg 100 g⁻¹）的含量较高。使用甲醇/乙酸混合溶剂进行提取时，酚类化合物的提取率最高（432.73 mg EAG 100 g⁻¹），并且采用DPPH法测定的抗氧化能力最强（3144.92 mg 100 g⁻¹）。锥花土人参提取物对蜡样芽孢杆菌的生长有抑制作用。