Institute of Outcomes R esearch, Polonia University, Czestochowa, Poland.
Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
Cardiol J. 2021;28(5):647-654. doi: 10.5603/CJ.a2021.0072. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease primarily affecting the respiratory tract, however due to the nature of the pathogenesis it is able to affect the whole body. So far, no causative treatment has been found and the main strategy when dealing with COVID-19 relies on widespread vaccination programs and symptomatic treatment. Vitamin D due to its ability to modulate the immunological system has been proposed as a factor playing role in the organism response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Therefore, we decided to perform this meta-analysis which aimed to establish a connection between vitamin D status and COVID-19 infection.
Study was designed as a systematic review and meta-analysis. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Collaboration Databases and Scopus electronic databases were searched for relevant studies from database inception to May 10th, 2021. Mean differences (MDs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.
Thirteen studies providing data for 14,485 participants met the inclusion criteria. Mean vitamin D levels in SARS-CoV-2 negative patients was 17.7 ± 6.9 ng/mL compared to SARS-CoV-2 positive patients 14.1 ± 8.2 ng/mL (MD = 3.93; 95% CI 2.84-5.02; I2 = 99%; p < 0.001).
Low serum vitamin D levels are statistically significantly associated with the risk of COVID-19 infection. Supplementation of vitamin D especially in the deficiency risk groups is indicated.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）主要是一种影响呼吸道的疾病，但由于其发病机制的性质，它能够影响全身。到目前为止，还没有找到病因治疗方法，应对 COVID-19 的主要策略依赖于广泛的疫苗接种计划和对症治疗。由于维生素 D 能够调节免疫系统，因此它被认为是在机体对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的反应中起作用的因素之一。因此，我们决定进行这项荟萃分析，旨在确定维生素 D 状态与 COVID-19 感染之间的联系。
研究设计为系统评价和荟萃分析。从数据库建立到 2021 年 5 月 10 日，我们在 PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science、Cochrane 协作数据库和 Scopus 电子数据库中搜索了相关研究。计算了平均值差异（MDs）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。
符合纳入标准的 13 项研究提供了 14485 名参与者的数据。SARS-CoV-2 阴性患者的平均维生素 D 水平为 17.7±6.9ng/ml，而 SARS-CoV-2 阳性患者的平均维生素 D 水平为 14.1±8.2ng/ml（MD=3.93；95%CI 2.84-5.02；I2=99%；p<0.001）。
血清维生素 D 水平低与 COVID-19 感染的风险有统计学显著相关性。表明补充维生素 D，尤其是在有缺乏风险的人群中补充维生素 D 是合适的。
