McClain Cara M, Kelner William C, Elledge L Christian
Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 2021 Dec;68(3-4):340-357. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12539. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
The aim of the present study was to examine how college students' retrospective reports of youth-mentoring experiences were associated with current sense of belonging and community, academic motivation, and college self-efficacy, and to determine hows these outcomes vary as a function of mentoring relationship quality, duration, and type (e.g., natural versus program-sponsored). Analyses were conducted in Mplus 8.0 on a sample of 400 college students. Our findings suggest that most college students endorse a mentoring relationship. We found that having a mentor was associated with increased college self-efficacy. Among those with a youth mentor, relationship quality was positively associated with sense of belonging and college self-efficacy while duration of the mentoring relationship and relationship type were not associated with college-related outcomes. Further analyses were conducted to assess how the associations between relationship quality and the college-related outcomes varied as a function of mentoring duration and type. Relationship quality was uniquely associated with these college-related outcomes over and above student gender, race, and first-generation status. Our findings suggest it may be important to prioritize the enhancement of mentor relationship quality as a mechanism to affect change in academic-related outcomes.
本研究的目的是考察大学生对青年指导经历的回顾性报告如何与当前的归属感、社区感、学业动机和大学自我效能感相关联，并确定这些结果如何因指导关系的质量、持续时间和类型（例如，自然形成的与项目资助的）而有所不同。在Mplus 8.0软件中对400名大学生样本进行了分析。我们的研究结果表明，大多数大学生认可一种指导关系。我们发现，有一位导师与大学自我效能感的提高相关。在有青年导师的学生中，关系质量与归属感和大学自我效能感呈正相关，而指导关系的持续时间和关系类型与大学相关结果无关。我们进一步进行分析，以评估关系质量与大学相关结果之间的关联如何因指导持续时间和类型而有所不同。关系质量在学生性别、种族和第一代身份之外，与这些大学相关结果存在独特关联。我们的研究结果表明，将提高导师关系质量作为影响学业相关结果变化的一种机制可能很重要。
