Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Regional Center for Joint Arthroplasty, ASO Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy.
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Regina Montis Regalis Hospital, ASL CN1, Via S. Rocchetto, 99, 12084 Mondovì (CN), Italy..
Acta Biomed. 2021 Jul 26;92(S3):e2021010. doi: 10.23750/abm.v92iS3.11681.
Hallux rigidus (HR) is the clinical manifestation of osteoarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP1) joint and affects about 2.5% of people older than 50 years. The condition may significantly impact patients' quality of life, leading to debilitating pain and limited range of motion (ROM). Numerous hypotheses have been postulated about contributing factors to the development of the disease, but with poor proven association. Some types of footwear over others may transmit altered pressure and stress toward the forefoot and this can significantly contribute to development of the condition. The purpose of this review is therefore to analyze the importance of correct footwear and if an incorrect shoe can influence the development and/or worsening of symptoms in patients affected by HR. From the results of the studies, it appears that symptoms improve with rigid-soled low-heeled shoes such as boots and worsen with flat flexible-soled shoes such as sandals and tennis shoes, which should therefore be avoided. Despite this, although incorrect footwear increases symptoms, a direct correlation with the development of the condition has not been detected but rather an improvement in comfort in some types of shoes than in others. In predisposed patients, incorrect footwear is more a way to increase symptoms than a real risk factor for the development of the disease, remaining in a very low risk percentage to be considered indicative.
拇僵硬症（HR）是第一跖趾关节（MTP1）骨关节炎的临床表现，影响 50 岁以上人群的约 2.5%。该病症可能会严重影响患者的生活质量，导致疼痛和活动范围受限。尽管有多种假说推测了导致该疾病发展的因素，但这些因素与疾病的相关性证明不足。某些类型的鞋子可能比其他鞋子更能传递改变的压力和应力到前脚，这可能会显著导致该病症的发展。因此，本综述的目的是分析正确的鞋子的重要性，如果鞋子不正确是否会影响 HR 患者的发展和/或症状恶化。从研究结果来看，似乎硬底低跟鞋（如靴子）可以改善症状，而平底软底鞋（如凉鞋和网球鞋）会使症状恶化，因此应避免穿这些鞋。尽管如此，尽管不正确的鞋子会增加症状，但并未发现与疾病发展之间存在直接的相关性，而是在某些类型的鞋子中舒适度有所提高。对于易患患者来说，不正确的鞋子更像是增加症状的一种方式，而不是疾病发展的真正危险因素，其风险百分比非常低，不足以作为指示因素。
