Laboratory of History of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Institute of Neurology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2021 Apr 29;62(1):E231-E236. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.1.1631. eCollection 2021 Mar.
Louis Pasteur is the renowned chemist and microbiologist of the 19th century involved in the development of the rabies vaccine. He worked with a researchers team in the laboratory, mainly Pierre Paul Emile Roux, and also physicians in the clinical practice approach and the defense of Pasteur's anti-rabies technique in the Académie Nationale de Médecine, Alfred Vulpian being the most notable. Pasteur's first studies on rabies are noted in his 1881 publication. But in 1885, he revealed that he had already immunized 50 dogs against rabies. Meanwhile, he was looking for human subjects. The most polemic of this search involves the second and last Emperor of Brazil, Dom Pedro II, who was a patron of the arts and sciences and followed and supported the work of the great scientist. During the reign of Dom Pedro II, the first Pasteur's Institute was founded in Rio de Janeiro, nine months before the Parisian, which had the financial support of Dom Pedro. This article deals with the interaction between the two outstanding characters, especially in the development of prophylactic treatment against rabies, and with the utilitarian aspects of this vaccine researches development against individual autonomy.
路易斯·巴斯德是 19 世纪著名的化学家和微生物学家，他参与了狂犬病疫苗的开发。他在实验室里与研究团队合作，主要是皮埃尔·保罗·埃米尔·鲁，同时在临床实践中也与医生合作，并在法国国家医学科学院为巴斯德的抗狂犬病技术辩护，阿尔弗雷德·沃尔皮安是最著名的支持者。巴斯德在 1881 年的出版物中首次对狂犬病进行了研究。但在 1885 年，他透露已经对 50 只狗进行了狂犬病免疫。与此同时，他正在寻找人类受试者。在这项研究中最具争议的是巴西的第二位也是最后一位皇帝多姆·佩德罗二世，他是艺术和科学的赞助人，追随并支持这位伟大科学家的工作。在多姆·佩德罗二世的统治期间，第一个巴斯德研究所于 1884 年在里约热内卢成立，比巴黎的研究所早了九个月，该研究所得到了多姆·佩德罗的财政支持。本文探讨了这两位杰出人物之间的互动，特别是在预防狂犬病方面的治疗以及该疫苗研究对个人自主权的实用方面。
