Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21441, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2021 Sep;166:1131-1141. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.020. Epub 2021 Jul 21.
Parasitic weeds such as Phelipanche aegyptiaca pose one of the most significant environmental constraints to cropping systems worldwide. The influence of P. aegyptiaca upon host plants is well studied, nevertheless, how future climate CO (eCO) can affect P. aegyptiaca parasite-host interactions is not yet investigated. Considering the protective effect of eCO, we studied its ability to mitigate the severity of P. aegyptiaca infection in pea plants (Pisum sativum). Our results revealed that Phelipanche infection strikingly reduced pea growth and photosynthesis. Moreover, infection with Phelipanche greatly burst the oxidative damage in pea plants by elevating photorespiration and NADPH oxidase activity. Contradictory, eCO extremely quenched the severity of P. aegyptiaca infection by diminishing the number and biomass of P. aegyptiaca tubercles. Additionally, eCO considerably mitigated the physiological and biochemical alterations exerted by Phelipanche upon pea seedlings. Within the physiological range, eCO augmented photosynthesis, that consequentially affected carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, eCO highly mitigated the infection menace via quenching ROS overaccumulation which, sequentially reduced oxidative damage in infected pea plants. More interestingly, eCO improved cell wall fortification by enhancing lignin accumulation that considers the first line of defense against parasite penetration. Overall, this study concluded that pea plants grown in an atmosphere enriched with CO can efficiently cope with P. aegyptiaca infection via reducing Phelipanche tubercles, modulating ROS homeostasis, and enhancing cell wall fortification.
寄生杂草如 Phelipanche aegyptiaca 是全球作物系统面临的最重大环境制约因素之一。尽管已经对 P. aegyptiaca 对宿主植物的影响进行了广泛研究，但未来气候 CO（eCO）如何影响 P. aegyptiaca 寄生虫-宿主相互作用尚未得到研究。考虑到 eCO 的保护作用，我们研究了它减轻豌豆植物（Pisum sativum）中 P. aegyptiaca 感染严重程度的能力。我们的结果表明，Phelipanche 感染明显降低了豌豆的生长和光合作用。此外，Phelipanche 的感染通过提高光呼吸和 NADPH 氧化酶活性，极大地破坏了豌豆植物的氧化损伤。相反，eCO 通过减少 P. aegyptiaca 块茎的数量和生物量，极大地抑制了 P. aegyptiaca 感染的严重程度。此外，eCO 通过减轻 Phelipanche 对豌豆幼苗造成的生理和生化变化，显著减轻了感染的威胁。在生理范围内，eCO 增强了光合作用，从而影响了碳水化合物代谢。此外，eCO 通过抑制 ROS 过度积累，从而减轻了受感染豌豆植物的氧化损伤，极大地减轻了感染的威胁。更有趣的是，eCO 通过增加木质素积累来增强细胞壁的加固，这被认为是抵御寄生虫穿透的第一道防线。总体而言，这项研究得出的结论是，在富含 CO 的大气中生长的豌豆植物可以通过减少 Phelipanche 块茎、调节 ROS 平衡和增强细胞壁加固来有效应对 P. aegyptiaca 感染。
