Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería Del Centro de La Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIFICEN, CONICET-UNCPBA), Pinto 399, Tandil, Argentina.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Nov 1;288:117807. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117807. Epub 2021 Jul 17.
Pollution-tolerant lichens are recognized ecological indicators of air pollution in cities, which can also collect airborne anthropogenic particles in their tissues. Harmful (sub)micron-sized magnetites are a ubiquitous component of air particle pollution, adversely impacting human health. In this work, in situ magnetic susceptibility κ of well-characterized ultrafine magnetite and lichen thalli were measured to quantify the amount of airborne magnetic particles (AMP) after calibration and to assess the lichen's decontamination over time. Up to 2850 magnetic measurements were carried out in twenty-nine transplanted lichens (collected in urban and clean areas) from winter 2020 to winter 2021. Before the transplants, their initial κ values were 0.23-9.45 × 10 SI, representing AMP contents of 0.1-4.6 mg in lichen thalli. After lichens were transplanted to a shared site, the magnetic signals evidenced short-term increases and long-term decreases. After three, five and nine months, the AMP loss is more pronounced for transplanted lichens from polluted (e.g., AMP_5-months loss = 0.59 mg) than clean (= 0.08 mg) sites. Rainfall influenced the lichen's decontamination between seasons. In situ measurements and lichens offer a valued and time-saving methodology for biomonitoring harmful airborne particles simply and effectively.
耐受污染的地衣被认为是城市空气污染的生态指标，它们可以在组织中收集空气中的人为颗粒。有害的（亚）微米级磁铁矿是空气颗粒污染的普遍成分，对人类健康有不利影响。在这项工作中，对经过校准的具有良好特征的超微磁铁矿和地衣菌进行了原位磁化率 κ 的测量，以量化空气中磁性颗粒（AMP）的数量，并评估地衣随时间的净化作用。从 2020 年冬季到 2021 年冬季，对 29 个移植的地衣（在城市和清洁区收集）进行了多达 2850 次磁测量。在移植之前，它们的初始 κ 值为 0.23-9.45×10 SI，代表地衣菌中 AMP 含量为 0.1-4.6 mg。在地衣被移植到一个共享地点后，磁信号显示出短期增加和长期减少。在 3、5 和 9 个月后，污染（例如，AMP_5 个月损失= 0.59 mg）比清洁（= 0.08 mg）地区的移植地衣的 AMP 损失更为明显。降雨影响了地衣在季节之间的净化作用。原位测量和地衣为简单有效地监测空气中的有害颗粒提供了一种有价值且节省时间的生物监测方法。
