Wu GuiSen, Tang XiaoChen, Gan RanPiao, Zeng JiaHui, Hu YeGang, Xu LiHua, Wei YanYan, Tang YingYing, Chen Tao, Li ChunBo, Wang JiJun, Zhang TianHong
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders (No.13dz2260500), Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 600 Wanping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China.
Big Data Research Lab, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2022 Apr;272(3):449-459. doi: 10.1007/s00406-021-01316-1. Epub 2021 Aug 1.
Individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis exhibit a reduced P300 oddball response, which indicates deficits in attention and working memory processes. Previous studies have mainly researched these responses in the temporal domain; hence, non-phase-locked or induced neural activities may have been ignored. Event-related potential (ERP) and time-frequency (TF) information, combined with clinical and cognitive profiles, may provide an insight into the pathophysiology and psychopathology of the CHR stage. The 104 CHR individuals who completed cognitive assessments and ERP tests were recruited and followed up between 2016 and 2018. Individuals with CHR were classified by three clinical subtypes demonstrated before, specifically 32 from Cluster-1 (characterized by extensive negative symptoms and cognitive deficits, at the highest risk for conversion to psychosis), 34 from Cluster-2 (characterized by thought and behavioral disorganization, with moderate cognitive impairment), and 38 from Cluster-3 (characterized by the mildest symptoms and cognitive deficits). Electroencephalograms were recorded during the auditory oddball paradigm. The P300 ERPs were analyzed in the temporal domain. The event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) and inter-trial coherence (ITC) were acquired by TF analysis. A reduced P300 response to target tones was noted in Cluster-1 relative to the other two clusters. Moreover, the P300 amplitude of Cluster-1 was associated with speed of processing (SoP) scores. Furthermore, the P300 amplitude of Cluster-3 was significantly correlated with verbal and visual learning scores. In the TF analysis, decreased delta ERSP and ITC were observed in Cluster-1; delta ITC was associated with SoP scores in Cluster-3. The results indicate relatively disrupted oddball responses in a certain CHR subtype and a close affinity between these electrophysiological indexes and attention, working memory, and declarative memory within different CHR clusters. These findings suggest that the auditory oddball response is a potential neurophysiological marker for distinct clinical subtypes of CHR.
处于临床高危（CHR）状态的精神病个体表现出P300失匹配负波反应降低，这表明其在注意力和工作记忆过程中存在缺陷。以往研究主要在时域研究这些反应；因此，非锁相或诱发神经活动可能被忽略了。事件相关电位（ERP）和时频（TF）信息，结合临床和认知特征，可能有助于深入了解CHR阶段的病理生理学和精神病理学。在2016年至2018年期间招募并随访了104名完成认知评估和ERP测试的CHR个体。CHR个体按之前展示的三种临床亚型分类，具体为：来自第1组的32人（以广泛的阴性症状和认知缺陷为特征，转化为精神病的风险最高），来自第2组的34人（以思维和行为紊乱为特征，伴有中度认知障碍），以及来自第3组的38人（以最轻微的症状和认知缺陷为特征）。在听觉失匹配范式期间记录脑电图。在时域分析P300 ERP。通过TF分析获得事件相关谱扰动（ERSP）和试次间相干性（ITC）。相对于其他两组，第1组对目标音调的P300反应降低。此外，第1组的P300波幅与加工速度（SoP）得分相关。此外，第3组的P300波幅与言语和视觉学习得分显著相关。在TF分析中，第1组观察到δ频段ERSP和ITC降低；δ频段ITC与第3组的SoP得分相关。结果表明，特定CHR亚型中失匹配反应相对紊乱，并且这些电生理指标与不同CHR组内的注意力、工作记忆和陈述性记忆密切相关。这些发现表明，听觉失匹配反应是CHR不同临床亚型的潜在神经生理标志物。
