Synchronous Endobronchial Carcinoid Tumor and Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Diagnosis of synchronous multiple primary lung cancers (SMPLCs) is a challenge as multiple lesions on chest CT imaging can be misdiagnosed as more common entities such as metastatic disease or infections. The possibility of multiple primary lung cancers should always be considered. Accurate diagnosis can significantly change the management and prognosis. We report a case of a 57-year-old woman, an ex-smoker with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), who was found to have synchronous endobronchial carcinoid tumor and adenocarcinoma of the lung. The association of carcinoid tumors and adenocarcinoma of the lung has been infrequently reported, with only a handful of cases published to date. Early diagnosis of resectable tumors can improve survival in patients with SMPLCs.