Passey Jigyasa, Pandey Suniti, Passey Nishtha, Singh Rahul, Singh Raveena, Kumar Arvind
Anatomy, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, IND.
Anatomy, Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur, IND.
Cureus. 2021 Jun 29;13(6):e16011. doi: 10.7759/cureus.16011. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Morphometric differences of several bones form the basis of sexual differentiation. The mastoid triangle has been widely used as a predictor of sexual differentiation. However, the radiographic measurements of the mastoid triangle, which form the clinical alternative of this parameter, have not been studied in the North Indian population. Therefore, we analyzed skull radiographs of live subjects to investigate the effectiveness of the radiographic mastoid triangle in sex determination.
One hundred skull lateral radiographs (55 male and 45 female) from the digital archives of a tertiary care teaching institute in Northern India were retrospectively analyzed. The following parameters: porion-mastoidale length, mastoidale-asterion length, asterion-porion length, and area of the mastoid triangle were measured. Gender-based differences for these parameters were then calculated for any statistical significance. Further, the low value of Wilks' lambda, high values of Eigenvalues, and percentage of correct prediction accuracy denoted higher predictive value. Finally, discriminant function analysis was used to predict the relative validity of each measured parameter.
All measured parameters were significantly higher in the male group. The porion-mastoidale length was 32.21±2.15 mm in males and 31.66±3.21 mm in females. The mastoidale-asterion length was 50.00±9.75 mm in males and 49.84±6.97 in females. The asterion-porion length was 44.11±6.82 mm in males and 39.72±5.77 mm in females. The area of the mastoid triangle was 690.74±123.35 mm in males and 570.57±130.0 mm in females. The area of the mastoid triangle has the highest relative validity (78%).
Considerable ethnic and racial differences have been observed in the radiographic morphology of the mastoid. The radiographic dimensions of the mastoid are potential predictors of sexual dimorphism. With the use of discriminant function analysis, the current study predicts the effectiveness of the area of the mastoid triangle as a reliable parameter for sexual differentiation in the Northern Indian population.
几块骨骼的形态计量学差异构成了性别分化的基础。乳突三角已被广泛用作性别分化的预测指标。然而，作为该参数临床替代指标的乳突三角的影像学测量，在北印度人群中尚未得到研究。因此，我们分析了活体受试者的颅骨X线片，以研究影像学乳突三角在性别判定中的有效性。
回顾性分析了印度北部一家三级护理教学机构数字档案中的100张颅骨侧位X线片（55例男性和45例女性）。测量了以下参数：耳点-乳突尖长度、乳突尖-星点长度、星点-耳点长度以及乳突三角的面积。然后计算这些参数基于性别的差异，以确定是否具有统计学意义。此外，威尔克斯lambda值低、特征值高以及正确预测准确率百分比表示预测价值更高。最后，使用判别函数分析来预测每个测量参数的相对有效性。
所有测量参数在男性组中均显著更高。男性的耳点-乳突尖长度为32.21±2.15毫米，女性为31.66±3.21毫米。男性的乳突尖-星点长度为50.00±9.75毫米，女性为49.84±6.97毫米。男性的星点-耳点长度为44.11±6.82毫米，女性为39.72±5.77毫米。男性乳突三角的面积为690.74±123.35平方毫米，女性为570.57±130.0平方毫米。乳突三角的面积具有最高的相对有效性（78%）。
在乳突的影像学形态上观察到了相当大的种族和民族差异。乳突的影像学尺寸是性别二态性的潜在预测指标。通过使用判别函数分析，本研究预测了乳突三角面积作为北印度人群性别分化可靠参数的有效性。
