Velázquez-Aponte Ricardo A, Cassé Céline
Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR, U.S.A.
J Med Case Rep Rev. 2020 Aug 3;3(8):749-755. doi: 10.15520/jmcrr.v3i08.201. Epub 2020 Aug 21.
commonly known as Graviola, soursop or guanabana, is an evergreen tree native to the tropics with a long history of use in ethnomedicine in indigenous communities in Africa and South America. Its active phytoconstituents have provided medicinal benefits against various ailments and diseases such as arthritis, parasitic infection, hypertension, fever, or diabetes. Studies conducted and have concluded that Graviola phytocomponents have anti-cancer and anti-tumor properties. One of the characteristics of cancer cells is their uncontrolled proliferation rate. In that sense, molecules that inhibit cell proliferation offer potential therapeutical benefits.
We prepared ethanolic and aqueous extracts from dried Graviola leaves and tested their respective antiproliferative activities on tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma cell line-25. We treated the cells with increasing concentrations of the extracts for 24 h. The respective doses leading to a 50% inhibition of cells growth (GI) were determined.
Our results showed that the ethanolic extract was 4 times more active in inhibiting the growth of Squamous Cell Carcinoma cell line-25 than the aqueous extract (respective GI of 61.7 μg/mL, and 274.6 μg/mL).
We hypothesize that some organic compounds involved in the antiproliferative/cytotoxicity of Graviola leaves were selectively extracted by Ethanol. Future plans include characterizing those bioactive compounds and assessing their activity on Squamous Cell Carcinoma cell line-25 vs. non-cancerous oral cells. Our hope is to discover natural molecules to be used as alternative treatments for oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas.
番荔枝，通常被称为刺果番荔枝、刺番荔枝或瓜拿纳，是一种原产于热带地区的常绿乔木，在非洲和南美洲的土著社区有着悠久的民族医学应用历史。其活性植物成分对多种疾病有益，如关节炎、寄生虫感染、高血压、发烧或糖尿病。已进行的研究得出结论，番荔枝的植物成分具有抗癌和抗肿瘤特性。癌细胞的特征之一是其不受控制的增殖率。从这个意义上说，抑制细胞增殖的分子具有潜在的治疗益处。
我们从干燥的番荔枝叶中制备了乙醇提取物和水提取物，并测试了它们对舌鳞状细胞癌细胞系 -25 的各自抗增殖活性。我们用浓度递增的提取物处理细胞 24 小时。确定导致 50% 细胞生长抑制（GI）的各自剂量。
我们的结果表明，乙醇提取物在抑制鳞状细胞癌细胞系 -25 的生长方面比水提取物活性高 4 倍（各自的 GI 分别为 61.7 μg/mL 和 274.6 μg/mL）。
我们推测，乙醇选择性地提取了番荔枝叶中参与抗增殖/细胞毒性的一些有机化合物。未来计划包括鉴定这些生物活性化合物，并评估它们对鳞状细胞癌细胞系 -25 与非癌性口腔细胞的活性。我们希望发现可作为口腔鳞状细胞癌替代治疗方法的天然分子。
