School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, No.69 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230031, Anhui Province, China.
Department of Nursing, Beijing An Ding Hospital, 5 Ankang Lane, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Aug 4;21(1):389. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03392-y.
Non-suicidal self-injury is a serious health problem among patients with depression or bipolar disorder. However, few studies within the Chinese context have investigated the prevalence of NSSI and its risk factors in above populations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury and its risk factors in patients with depression or bipolar disorder in China.
The final sample comprised of 394 inpatients(M = 29.71; SD = 11.95) with depression or bipolar disorder from two psychiatric hospitals in Beijing, China. A General Demographic Data Form, the Non-suicidal Self-injury Questionnaire(NSSI-Q), Impulsivity Item and the Adverse Childhood Experiences-International Questionnaire(ACE-IQ) were completed by all patients.
Of the 394 patients examined, 245(62.2%) of this sample reported NSSI in past year. Of the 245 patients with NSSI, 135(55.1%) were diagnosed with depression and 110(44.9%) were diagnosed with bipolar disorder. The most common methods of NSSI for female was "pinching"(23.1%) and "scratching"(22.8%), while for male it was "hiting hard objects"(12.7%). By multivariate regression analysis, young age, unemployment, a higher monthly family income, single, impulsivity, long duration of illness and ACEs were risk factors for NSSI in patients with depression and bipolar disorder(P<0.05).
Our study points to the fact that there was an unfortunate message about the prevalence of NSSI among patients with depression or bipolar disorder in China. It is necessary not only to raise the awareness of NSSI in families and society, but also to formulate targeted assessment and intervention. Moreover, future research should not only focus on individuals being hospitalized, but should be representative of individuals treated at home or in the community because there are no national statistics on NSSI among such patients in China.
非自杀性自伤是抑郁症或双相障碍患者的严重健康问题。然而，在中国背景下，很少有研究调查上述人群中非自杀性自伤的流行率及其危险因素。本研究旨在调查中国抑郁症或双相障碍患者中非自杀性自伤的流行率及其危险因素。
最终样本包括来自中国北京两家精神病院的 394 名住院抑郁症或双相障碍患者（M=29.71；SD=11.95）。所有患者均完成了一般人口统计学数据表格、非自杀性自伤问卷（NSSI-Q）、冲动性项目和不良童年经历国际问卷（ACE-IQ）。
在所检查的 394 名患者中，有 245 名（62.2%）患者在过去一年报告有 NSSI 行为。在有 NSSI 行为的 245 名患者中，135 名（55.1%）被诊断为抑郁症，110 名（44.9%）被诊断为双相障碍。女性最常见的 NSSI 方式是“掐”（23.1%）和“抓”（22.8%），而男性最常见的方式是“用力击打硬物”（12.7%）。通过多变量回归分析，年龄较小、失业、月家庭收入较高、单身、冲动、较长的病程和 ACEs 是抑郁症和双相障碍患者 NSSI 的危险因素（P<0.05）。
我们的研究表明，中国抑郁症或双相障碍患者中 NSSI 的流行率令人遗憾。不仅需要提高家庭和社会对 NSSI 的认识，还需要制定有针对性的评估和干预措施。此外，未来的研究不应仅关注住院患者，还应代表在家或社区接受治疗的患者，因为中国没有此类患者 NSSI 的全国统计数据。
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