Bacteria and bacterial antigen in the kidney in human chronic renal disease. Bacteriological and immunofluorescence Studies.

Kidneys obtained by nephrectomy from 85 patients with chronic nephropathy were examined by bacterial culture and by immunofluorescence for a content of E. coli antigen. A panel of 10 E. coli 0-antisera, representing the strains most commonly causing urinary tract infection, and antiserum against common enterobacterial antigen (CA), were used. Bacteria could be cultured from the nephrectomy specimens in 24 cases, mainly in cases of obstructive chronic pyelonephritis, analgesic nephropathy and congenital renal disease. By immunofluorescence, type-specific 0-antigen was found in whole bacteria and amorphously in macrophages, CA only in whole bacteria. Whole bacteria could be visualized in 12 cases, macrophages only in two cases. Amorphous bacterial antigen was no observed outside phagocytizing cells. On the basis of these results, it seems unlikely that progression of the renal lesions in chronic renal disease is due to persistant bacterial antigen in the absence of viable bacteria. Chronic pyelonephritis, defined as an interstitial nephritis due to the effects of bacterial infection in the renal parenchyma and pelvic mucosa, appears always to be a secondary manifestation following obstruction or primary renal disease, such as analgesic nephropathy or congenital renal disease.