Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2021 Aug 5;16(8):e0255808. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255808. eCollection 2021.
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is very essential to achieve a great outcome of drugs via suppressing viral load, preventing multidrug resistance, and reducing mother to a child transmission rate of the Human Immune Virus.
This study aimed to assess the level of adherence to option B plus PMTCT and associated factors among HIV Positive pregnant and lactating women in public health facilities of Hawassa city, Southern Ethiopia, 2020 G.C.
Institution-based cross-sectional study was done on 254 HIV-positive pregnant and lactating women attending the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) follow-up. Participants were selected by simple random sampling. Data collected through a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire were cleaned and entered into Epi-data 3.1 and exported to SPSS 20 for statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis was done. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were done to measure the strength of association between independent and dependent variables using the odds ratio and 95% of confidence interval. A p-value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
The overall adherence level to option B+ was 224 (88.2%). Respondents in age group of ≤ 25 [AOR = 0.12, 95% CI (0.03, 0.42)], with no formal education [AOR = 0.12, 95% CI (0.03, 0.51)], experienced drug side effects [AOR = 0.11, 95% CI (0.04, 0.32)], have good knowledge of PMTCT [AOR = 3.6, 95% CI (1.16, 11.3)], and get support from partner/family [AOR = 4.5, 95% CI (1.62, 12.4)] were identified associated factors with adherence level.
The level of adherence to option B plus PMTCT was 88.2% which is suboptimal. Ages, educational level, knowledge on PMTCT, getting support from partner/family, and drug side effect were significantly associated with adherence. Therefore, educating and counseling on the service of PMTCT to improve their knowledge and encouraging partner/family involvement in care are mandatory to achieve the standard adherence level.
抗逆转录病毒疗法的依从性对于通过抑制病毒载量、预防多药耐药以及降低人类免疫病毒母婴传播率来实现药物的良好效果非常重要。
本研究旨在评估 2020 年埃塞俄比亚南部 Hawassa 市公立卫生机构中 HIV 阳性孕妇和哺乳期妇女对 B 方案加预防母婴传播（PMTCT）的依从性水平及其相关因素。
采用基于机构的横断面研究，对 254 名接受预防母婴传播（PMTCT）随访的 HIV 阳性孕妇和哺乳期妇女进行研究。采用简单随机抽样选择参与者。通过结构化访谈者管理的问卷收集数据，进行清理后输入 Epi-data 3.1 并导出到 SPSS 20 进行统计分析。进行描述性分析。采用比值比和 95%置信区间进行单变量和多变量逻辑回归，以衡量独立和依赖变量之间的关联强度。p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
B 方案加的总体依从水平为 224（88.2%）。年龄组≤25 岁的受访者 [比值比（OR）=0.12，95%置信区间（CI）（0.03，0.42）]、没有正规教育的受访者 [OR=0.12，95%CI（0.03，0.51）]、经历药物副作用的受访者 [OR=0.11，95%CI（0.04，0.32）]、对 PMTCT 有良好认识的受访者 [OR=3.6，95%CI（1.16，11.3）]和获得伴侣/家庭支持的受访者 [OR=4.5，95%CI（1.62，12.4）]与依从水平相关。
B 方案加 PMTCT 的依从水平为 88.2%，不理想。年龄、教育水平、PMTCT 知识、获得伴侣/家庭支持和药物副作用与依从性显著相关。因此，有必要通过教育和咨询来提高他们对 PMTCT 服务的认识，并鼓励伴侣/家庭参与护理，以达到标准的依从水平。
