Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias Aplicadas a las Alteraciones de la Conducta, Instituto de Neurociencias FLENI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias Aplicadas a las Alteraciones de la Conducta, Instituto de Neurociencias FLENI-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Física, Facultad de Cs. Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2021 Oct 30;316:111342. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111342. Epub 2021 Aug 2.
A traditional hallmark of cognitive impairment associated with late-onset Alzheimer´s disease (LOAD) is episodic memory impairment. However, early alterations have been identified in brain regions associated with executive function in asymptomatic, middle-age offspring of patients with LOAD (O-LOAD) compared to those with no family history. We hypothesized that executive function among O-LOAD would correlate with structural and amyloid brain imaging differently from those without a family history of LOAD (control subjects, CS). Executive function, cortical thickness, and in-vivo Aβ deposits were quantified in 30 O-LOAD and 25 CS. Associations were observed among O-LOAD only. Cortical thickness in the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex was positively associated with Design Fluency. The Stroop Color and Word Test, correlated positively with right rostral mid-frontal cortex thickness. Trails Making Test-B was inversely related to left medial orbitofrontal thickness. Tower of London total time was positively associated with β-amyloid deposition in the right precuneus. These results support previous evidence that early executive dysfunction might reflect subtle, early changes in persons at risk of LOAD and suggests that executive function alterations deserve further exploration in the LOAD literature.
与迟发性阿尔茨海默病（LOAD）相关的认知障碍的一个传统标志是情景记忆障碍。然而，与没有 LOAD 家族史的个体相比，无症状的 LOAD 患者的中年子女（O-LOAD）的大脑中与执行功能相关的区域已经出现了早期改变。我们假设，与没有 LOAD 家族史的个体（对照组，CS）相比，O-LOAD 的执行功能与结构和淀粉样蛋白脑成像的相关性不同。在 30 名 O-LOAD 和 25 名 CS 中定量评估了执行功能、皮质厚度和体内 Aβ 沉积。仅在 O-LOAD 中观察到相关性。左侧眶额外侧皮质的皮质厚度与设计流畅性呈正相关。Stroop 颜色和单词测试与右侧额中回皮质厚度呈正相关。追踪测试 B 与左侧内侧眶额皮质厚度呈负相关。伦敦塔总时间与右顶叶后扣带回的 β-淀粉样蛋白沉积呈正相关。这些结果支持了先前的证据，即早期执行功能障碍可能反映了 LOAD 风险人群的微妙、早期变化，并表明执行功能改变值得在 LOAD 文献中进一步探讨。
