Meira Ingrid Andrade, Pinheiro Mayara Abreu, Prado-Tozzi Daniela Almeida, Cáceres-Barreno Andrés Humberto, de Moraes Márcio, Rodrigues Garcia Renata Cunha Matheus
Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Private practice in Speech Pathology, Piracicaba, Brazil.
J Oral Rehabil. 2021 Nov;48(11):1262-1270. doi: 10.1111/joor.13240. Epub 2021 Aug 17.
Single implant mandibular overdentures (SIMOs) can improve mastication in edentulous elderly people. However, little attention has been paid to their effects on articulation disorders and the swallowing threshold relative to those of conventional complete dentures (CDs).
To compare the effects of new conventional CD set and SIMOs on articulation disorders, mandibular movements during speech and swallowing threshold using a paired study design.
Twenty-two edentulous Brazilian Portuguese-speaking elderly people (mean age 66.7 ± 4.6 years) were first evaluated whilst wearing their old conventional CDs. Articulation disorders were analysed by audio and video recordings, mandibular movements during speech were measured by kinesiography, and the swallowing threshold was assessed by masticatory cycle counting and medium particle size (X ) calculation. Participants then received new conventional CDs, and evaluations were repeated 2 months later. Subsequently, single implants were installed in the midlines of subjects' mandibles, and the conventional CDs were converted to SIMOs. After 2 months of SIMOs use, the evaluations were repeated. Data were submitted to the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel and ANOVA.
No difference in articulation disorders was found between new conventional CD and SIMO use. The frequency of anterior lisp during /s/ and /z/ phoneme pronunciation was reduced with new conventional CD use relative to old conventional CD use (p < .05). The X decreased progressively with new conventional CD and SIMO use (both p < .05).
SIMOs do not alter speech relative to new well-fitted conventional CDs, but improved the swallowing threshold, in edentulous elderly people.
单颗种植体下颌覆盖义齿（SIMOs）可改善无牙颌老年人的咀嚼功能。然而，相对于传统全口义齿（CDs），其对发音障碍和吞咽阈值的影响鲜受关注。
采用配对研究设计，比较新型传统CDs和SIMOs对发音障碍、言语过程中的下颌运动及吞咽阈值的影响。
22名讲巴西葡萄牙语的无牙颌老年人（平均年龄66.7±4.6岁）首先佩戴旧的传统CDs进行评估。通过音频和视频记录分析发音障碍，用运动描记法测量言语过程中的下颌运动，通过咀嚼周期计数和中等颗粒大小（X）计算评估吞咽阈值。参与者随后佩戴新型传统CDs，并在2个月后重复评估。随后，在受试者下颌中线植入单颗种植体，将传统CDs转换为SIMOs。使用SIMOs 2个月后，再次重复评估。数据采用 Cochr an-Mantel-Haenszel检验和方差分析。
新型传统CDs和SIMOs在发音障碍方面无差异。相对于使用旧的传统CDs，使用新型传统CDs时，/s/和/z/音素发音时前位口齿不清的频率降低（p<0.05）。随着新型传统CDs和SIMOs的使用，X逐渐降低（均p<0.05）。
对于无牙颌老年人，SIMOs相对于新型贴合良好的传统CDs不会改变言语，但可改善吞咽阈值。
