Saad Wasan Kadhim, Shayea Ibraheem, Hamza Bashar J, Mohamad Hafizal, Daradkeh Yousef Ibrahim, Jabbar Waheb A
Engineering Technical College-Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Najaf 31001, Iraq.
Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University (ITU), Istanbul 34467, Turkey.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Jul 31;21(15):5202. doi: 10.3390/s21155202.
The massive growth of mobile users will spread to significant numbers of small cells for the Fifth Generation (5G) mobile network, which will overlap the fourth generation (4G) network. A tremendous increase in handover (HO) scenarios and HO rates will occur. Ensuring stable and reliable connection through the mobility of user equipment (UE) will become a major problem in future mobile networks. This problem will be magnified with the use of suboptimal handover control parameter (HCP) settings, which can be configured manually or automatically. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of different HCP settings on the performance of 5G network. Several system scenarios are proposed and investigated based on different HCP settings and mobile speed scenarios. The different mobile speeds are expected to demonstrate the influence of many proposed system scenarios on 5G network execution. We conducted simulations utilizing MATLAB software and its related tools. Evaluation comparisons were performed in terms of handover probability (HOP), ping-pong handover probability (PPHP) and outage probability (OP). The 5G network framework has been employed to evaluate the proposed system scenarios used. The simulation results reveal that there is a trade-off in the results obtained from various systems. The use of lower HCP settings provides noticeable enhancements compared to higher HCP settings in terms of OP. Simultaneously, the use of lower HCP settings provides noticeable drawbacks compared to higher HCP settings in terms of high PPHP for all scenarios of mobile speed. The simulation results show that medium HCP settings may be the acceptable solution if one of these systems is applied. This study emphasises the application of automatic self-optimisation (ASO) functions as the best solution that considers user experience.
移动用户的大规模增长将扩展到大量用于第五代（5G）移动网络的小型基站，这些小型基站将与第四代（4G）网络重叠。切换（HO）场景和HO速率将大幅增加。通过用户设备（UE）的移动性确保稳定可靠的连接将成为未来移动网络中的一个主要问题。如果使用次优切换控制参数（HCP）设置（可手动或自动配置），这个问题将被放大。因此，本研究的目的是调查不同HCP设置对5G网络性能的影响。基于不同的HCP设置和移动速度场景，提出并研究了几种系统场景。预计不同的移动速度将展示许多所提出的系统场景对5G网络运行的影响。我们利用MATLAB软件及其相关工具进行了仿真。根据切换概率（HOP）、乒乓切换概率（PPHP）和中断概率（OP）进行了评估比较。采用5G网络框架来评估所使用的系统场景。仿真结果表明，从各种系统获得的结果存在权衡。与较高的HCP设置相比，较低的HCP设置在OP方面有显著提升。同时，在所有移动速度场景下，与较高的HCP设置相比，较低的HCP设置在高PPHP方面存在显著缺点。仿真结果表明，如果应用这些系统中的一种，中等HCP设置可能是可接受的解决方案。本研究强调应用自动自优化（ASO）功能作为考虑用户体验的最佳解决方案。
