Alkalsh Mustafa Mohammed Hasan, Kliks Adrian
Department of Mobile Networks, Nokia Solutions and Networks, 54-130 Wroclaw, Poland.
Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Aug 21;24(16):5406. doi: 10.3390/s24165406.
The unique combination of the high data rates, ultra-low latency, and massive machine communication capability of 5G networks has facilitated the development of a diverse range of applications distinguished by varying connectivity needs. This has led to a surge in data traffic, driven by the ever-increasing number of connected devices, which poses challenges to the load distribution among the network cells and minimizes the wireless network performance. In this context, maintaining network balance during congestion periods necessitates effective interaction between various network components. This study emphasizes the crucial role that mobility management plays in mitigating the uneven load distribution across cells. This distribution is a significant factor impacting network performance, and effectively managing it is essential for ensuring optimal network performance in 5G and future networks. The study investigated the complexities associated with congested cells in wireless networks to address this challenge. It proposes a Dynamic Distance-based Load-Balancing (DDLB) algorithm designed to facilitate efficient traffic distribution among contiguous cells and utilize available resources more efficiently. The algorithm reacts with congested cells and redistributes traffic to its neighboring cells based on specific network conditions. As a result, it alleviates congestion and enhances overall network performance. The results demonstrate that the DDLB algorithm significantly improves key metrics, including load distribution and rates of handover and radio link failure, handover ping-pong, and failed attached requests.
5G网络的高数据速率、超低延迟和大规模机器通信能力的独特组合，促进了一系列因连接需求各异而独具特色的应用程序的开发。这导致了数据流量的激增，其驱动因素是连接设备数量的不断增加，这给网络小区间的负载分配带来了挑战，并使无线网络性能降至最低。在这种情况下，在拥塞期间维持网络平衡需要各个网络组件之间进行有效的交互。本研究强调了移动性管理在缓解小区间负载分配不均方面所起的关键作用。这种分配是影响网络性能的一个重要因素，有效管理它对于确保5G及未来网络的最佳性能至关重要。该研究调查了无线网络中与拥塞小区相关的复杂性，以应对这一挑战。它提出了一种基于动态距离的负载均衡（DDLB）算法，旨在促进相邻小区间的高效流量分配，并更有效地利用可用资源。该算法对拥塞小区做出反应，并根据特定网络条件将流量重新分配到其相邻小区。结果，它缓解了拥塞并提高了整体网络性能。结果表明，DDLB算法显著改善了关键指标，包括负载分配、切换和无线链路失败率、切换乒乓效应以及附着请求失败率。
