物质使用及其对运动员健康和表现的影响。

Substance Use and Its Impact on Athlete Health and Performance.

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

Carolina Performance, AIHF, 8300 Health Park #201, Raleigh, NC 27615, USA.

出版信息

Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2021 Sep;44(3):405-417. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2021.04.006.

DOI:10.1016/j.psc.2021.04.006

PMID:34372997

Abstract

The pressure to gain mass, power, explosiveness, and endurance and to obtain a performance edge continues to a part of sports. Anabolic agents, including selective androgen receptor modulators along with peptides, hormones, and metabolic modulators, continues to evolve. Methods to promote transcription to modify gene expression are a part of the evolution. In order to monitor and improve doping detection, the Athlete Biological Passport has been created. This article provides an up-to-date review of alcohol, anabolic androgens and related agents, stimulants, opioids, and cannabis and related compounds and their effects on athlete health and performance.

摘要

在体育运动中，人们一直承受着增加肌肉质量、力量、爆发力和耐力以获得竞争优势的压力。包括选择性雄激素受体调节剂以及肽类、激素和代谢调节剂在内的合成代谢药物不断发展。促进转录以改变基因表达的方法是其发展的一部分。为了监测和改进兴奋剂检测，运动员生物护照已经创建。本文提供了最新的关于酒精、合成代谢雄激素和相关制剂、兴奋剂、阿片类药物以及大麻和相关化合物对运动员健康和表现的影响的综述。