埃塞俄比亚南沃洛地区糖尿病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的COVID-19预防措施及相关因素：一项基于医疗机构的横断面研究
COVID-19 Prevention Practices and Associated Factors among Diabetes and HIV/AIDS Clients in South-Wollo Zone, Ethiopia: A Health Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Ademas Ayechew, Adane Metadel, Keleb Awoke, Berihun Gete, Lingerew Mistir, Sisay Tadesse, Hassen Seada, Getachew Melaku, Tesfaw Getu, Getaneh Feleke Dejen, Addisu Elsabeth, Berhanu Leykun, Abebe Masresha, Gizeyatu Adinew, Abate Habtemariam, Derso Atimen
机构信息
Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
出版信息
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021 Aug 4;14:2079-2086. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S325207. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) is affecting many people. Chronic patients are highly vulnerable to contracting an infection. Most people recover within a week, but chronic patients can face severe illness or death. The increasing of cases, complications, and mortality demands compulsory preventive measures. Therefore, this study was designed to identify major preventive practices and associated factors.
METHODS
A facility-based cross-sectional study was employed from November to December 2020 among diabetics and HIV/AIDS follow-up clients in Dessie referral hospital. Data were entered into EpiData manager 4.6.0 version and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25.0 for data cleaning and analysis. Logistic regression analysis was done and an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used for determining the strength of association.
RESULTS
Data were collected from 426 participants with a mean age of 46.54 years. The overall poor prevention practice rate of COVID-19 among diabetic and HIV/AIDS follow-up clients was 68.8% 95% CI (64.6-72.8%). Factors significantly associated with poor prevention practice were femaleness (AOR; 1.61; 95% CI; 1.03-2.51), illiterate [AOR; 2.59; 95% CI; 1.33-5.09]), family size greater than four (AOR; 2.06; 95% CI; 1.32-3.23), absence of health professional in the household (AOR; 1.79; 95% CI; 1.13-2.84), not having health insurance (AOR; 1.85; 95% CI; 1.18-2.89) and urban residence (AOR; 0.38; 95% CI; 0.18-0.79).
CONCLUSION
The overall proportion of prevention practice towards COVID-19 among diabetic and HIV/AIDS follow-up clients was poor. Illiteracy, having a family size greater than four, not having health professionals in the household, not having health insurance and urban residency were associated with poor prevention practices. Therefore, continuous health educations about good preventive behavioral practice should be enhanced by the health professionals.
背景
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）正在影响许多人。慢性病患者极易感染。大多数人在一周内康复，但慢性病患者可能面临重症或死亡。病例、并发症和死亡率的增加需要采取强制性预防措施。因此，本研究旨在确定主要的预防措施及相关因素。
方法
2020年11月至12月，在德西转诊医院对糖尿病患者和艾滋病毒/艾滋病随访患者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。数据录入EpiData manager 4.6.0版本，并导出到社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）25.0版本进行数据清理和分析。进行了逻辑回归分析，并使用调整后的优势比（AOR）及其95%置信区间（CI）来确定关联强度。
结果
收集了426名参与者的数据，平均年龄为46.54岁。糖尿病患者和艾滋病毒/艾滋病随访患者中COVID-19预防措施总体较差的比例为68.8%，95%CI（64.6-72.8%）。与预防措施较差显著相关的因素有女性（AOR；1.61；95%CI；1.03-2.51）、文盲[AOR；2.59；95%CI；1.33-5.09]）、家庭人口超过四人（AOR；2.06；95%CI；1.32-3.23）、家庭中没有卫生专业人员（AOR；1.79；95%CI；1.13-2.84）、没有医疗保险（AOR；1.85；95%CI；1.18-2.89）和城市居住（AOR；0.38；95%CI；0.18-0.79）。
结论
糖尿病患者和艾滋病毒/艾滋病随访患者中针对COVID-19的预防措施总体比例较差。文盲、家庭人口超过四人、家庭中没有卫生专业人员、没有医疗保险和城市居住与预防措施较差有关。因此，卫生专业人员应加强关于良好预防行为习惯的持续健康教育。
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