Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos, Pav. Leônidas Deane, sala 207, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Universitário Trindade, Rua Engenheiro Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, 216, Carvoeira, 88040-535 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2021 Aug 9;93(3):e20191402. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202120191402. eCollection 2021.
Beta-1,3-glucanases are enzymes that hydrolyze beta-1,3-glucans, and they are essential for the metabolism of seaweed, plants and fungi. These enzymes also participate in the digestion of herbivore and fungivore animals. Because of the importance of these enzymes in insects, beta-1,3-glucanase inhibitors may be used for the development of new control strategies against agricultural pests and disease vectors. Beta-1,3-glucanase inhibitors have been described in the brown seaweed Laminaria cichorioides, but were never recorded in Brazilian seaweed species. We evaluated the presence of beta-1,3-glucanase inhibitors in samples of Padina gymnospora, Dictyota sp., Colpomenia sinuosa, and Lobophora sp., collected in Arraial d'Ajuda (Bahia). Ethanolic or buffer extracts were used in inhibition tests against the beta-1,3-glucanase of Trichoderma sp. Extracts in buffer showed no inhibition, but ethanolic extracts from all species showed different extents of inhibition. Samples from Dictyota sp. and P. gymnospora showed inhibitions above 75% (absolute ethanol) or 50% (ethanol 50%). In summary, extraction with absolute ethanol resulted in better inhibitions, and P. gymnospora showed the higher inhibitions. Brazilian seaweed may be good sources of beta-1,3-glucanase inhibitors for biochemical and physiological studies of these enzymes. Besides that, these molecules show potential for the development of new biotechnological tools for insect control.
β-1,3-葡聚糖酶是水解β-1,3-葡聚糖的酶，对于海藻、植物和真菌的代谢至关重要。这些酶也参与草食动物和真菌食动物的消化。由于这些酶在昆虫中的重要性，β-1,3-葡聚糖酶抑制剂可能被用于开发针对农业害虫和病媒的新控制策略。β-1,3-葡聚糖酶抑制剂在褐藻 Laminaria cichorioides 中已有描述，但在巴西海藻物种中从未有过记录。我们评估了 Padina gymnospora、Dictyota sp.、Colpomenia sinuosa 和 Lobophora sp. 样本中是否存在β-1,3-葡聚糖酶抑制剂，这些样本是在阿拉亚尔达茹达（巴伊亚）采集的。用抑制试验对 Trichoderma sp. 的β-1,3-葡聚糖酶进行了乙醇或缓冲液提取物的测试。缓冲液提取物没有抑制作用，但所有物种的乙醇提取物都表现出不同程度的抑制作用。来自 Dictyota sp. 和 P. gymnospora 的样本显示出超过 75%（绝对乙醇）或 50%（50%乙醇）的抑制作用。总之，用绝对乙醇进行提取可产生更好的抑制效果，而 P. gymnospora 显示出更高的抑制效果。巴西海藻可能是研究这些酶的生化和生理学的β-1,3-葡聚糖酶抑制剂的良好来源。此外，这些分子在开发用于昆虫控制的新生物技术工具方面具有潜力。
