Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 2S1.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5T 3M7.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2022 Mar 12;57(2):190-197. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agab055.
To examine whether changes in alcohol consumption in Canada since the start of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic are associated with feelings of anxiety, depression, loneliness and/or with changes in employment due to COVID-19.
Data collection occurred between 29 May 2020 and 23 March 2021 via a web panel, AskingCanadians, which sampled 5892 adults (≥18 years of age). Data were collected on changes in alcohol consumption compared to before the pandemic (ordinal variable ranging from 1='much less alcohol' to 5='much more alcohol'), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7), self-perceived depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), self-perceived loneliness, changes in employment status due to COVID-19 and socio-demographic variables (age, gender, living situation, household income and urban vs rural residence). Multivariate associations were assessed using ordinal logistic regression. Effect modification by gender was tested using likelihood-ratio tests.
Changes in alcohol consumption were positively associated with anxiety, feeling depressed and loneliness. In particular, people with mild to moderate (ordered Odds Ratio (OR):1.23, 95% Confidence Interval (CI):1.07, 1.62) or severe anxiety (ordered OR:1.49, 95% CI:1.15, 1.93) had a greater odds of increased drinking than did people with no to low levels of anxiety. Gender, age, household income, living situation and survey wave were also associated with changes in drinking. No effect modifications by gender were observed.
Given the health harms caused by alcohol use, public health practitioners and primary care physicians should focus health messaging to identify and support individuals at risk of increased alcohol consumption, especially people experiencing depression, loneliness or anxiety.
探讨自新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行开始以来，加拿大饮酒量的变化是否与焦虑、抑郁、孤独感以及因 COVID-19 而导致的就业变化有关。
通过网络面板 AskingCanadians 于 2020 年 5 月 29 日至 2021 年 3 月 23 日期间进行数据收集，该面板对 5892 名成年人（≥18 岁）进行了抽样。与大流行前相比，对饮酒量的变化进行了数据收集（有序变量范围为 1='少得多的酒精'到 5='多得多的酒精'），焦虑（一般焦虑障碍-7）、自我感知的抑郁（流行病学研究中心抑郁量表）、自我感知的孤独感、因 COVID-19 而导致的就业状况变化以及社会人口统计学变量（年龄、性别、居住状况、家庭收入和城市与农村居住）。使用有序逻辑回归评估多变量关联。使用似然比检验测试性别对效应的修饰作用。
饮酒量的变化与焦虑、抑郁和孤独感呈正相关。特别是，有轻度至中度（有序比值比（OR）：1.23，95%置信区间（CI）：1.07，1.62）或严重焦虑（有序 OR：1.49，95% CI：1.15，1.93）的人比没有或低水平焦虑的人更有可能增加饮酒量。性别、年龄、家庭收入、居住状况和调查波次也与饮酒量的变化有关。未观察到性别对效应的修饰作用。
鉴于饮酒对健康造成的危害，公共卫生从业人员和初级保健医生应关注健康信息传播，以识别和支持有增加饮酒风险的个人，特别是那些经历抑郁、孤独或焦虑的人。
