School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
Accid Anal Prev. 2021 Sep;160:106310. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106310. Epub 2021 Aug 12.
Examining the relationships between the factors associated with the crash development enabled the realisation of driver support systems aiming to proactively avert and control crash causation at various points within the crash sequence. Developing such systems requires new insights in personalised pre-crash driver behaviour with respect to braking and steering to develop crash prevention strategies. Therefore, the current study utilises Strategic Highway Research Program 2 Naturalistic Driving Studies (SHRP2 NDS) data to investigate personalised steering and braking thresholds by examining the last stage of a crash sequence. More specifically, this paper carried out an in-depth examination of braking and steering manoeuvres observed in the final 30 s prior to safety critical events. Two algorithms were developed to extract braking and steering events by examining deceleration and yaw rate and another developed and applied to determine the sequence of the manoeuvres. Based on the analysis, thresholds for detecting emerging situations were recommended. The investigation of driver behaviour before the safety critical events, provides valuable insights into the transition from normal driving to safety critical scenarios. The results indicate that 20% of the drivers did not react to the impending event suggesting that they were not aware of the imminent safety critical situation. Future development of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) can focus on individual drivers' needs with tailored activation thresholds. The developed algorithms can facilitate driver behaviour and safety analysis for NDS while the thresholds recommended could be exploited for the design of new driver support systems.
研究与事故发展相关的因素之间的关系，使我们能够开发旨在主动避免和控制事故发生在事故序列的各个点的驾驶员支持系统。开发此类系统需要在个性化的预碰撞驾驶员行为方面有新的见解，包括制动和转向，以制定预防碰撞的策略。因此，本研究利用战略公路研究计划 2 自然驾驶研究 (SHRP2 NDS) 数据，通过研究事故序列的最后阶段，来研究个性化的转向和制动阈值。更具体地说，本文通过深入研究在安全关键事件发生前的最后 30 秒内观察到的制动和转向操作，来对制动和转向操作进行深入研究。开发了两种算法来通过检查减速和偏航率来提取制动和转向事件，另一种算法则用于确定操作的顺序。基于分析，推荐了检测新情况的阈值。在安全关键事件之前对驾驶员行为的研究，深入了解了从正常驾驶到安全关键场景的转变。结果表明，20%的驾驶员没有对即将发生的事件做出反应，这表明他们没有意识到即将发生的安全关键情况。先进驾驶员辅助系统 (ADAS) 的未来发展可以关注个体驾驶员的需求，并制定个性化的激活阈值。开发的算法可以为 NDS 的驾驶员行为和安全分析提供便利，而推荐的阈值则可以用于设计新的驾驶员支持系统。
