Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western Centre for Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Western Ontario, 1465 Richmond Street, Second Floor, Rm 2140, London, ON, N6G 2M1, Canada.
Canadian Post-M.D. Education Registry, Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada, 2733 Lancaster Road, Suite 100, Ottawa, ON, K1B 0A9, Canada.
Hum Resour Health. 2021 Aug 17;19(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s12960-021-00638-4.
Visa trainees (international medical graduates [IMG] who train in Canada under a student or employment visa) are expected to return home after completing their training. We examine the retention patterns of visa trainee residents funded by Canadian (regular ministry and other), foreign, or mixed sources.
We linked data from the Canadian Post-MD Medical Education Registry with Scott's Medical Database for a retrospective cohort study. Eligible trainees were IMG visa trainees as of their first year of training, started their residency program no earlier than 2000, and exited training between 2006 and 2016. We used Cox regression to compare the retention of visa trainees by funding source.
Of 1,913 visa trainees, 431(22.5%), 1353 (70.7%) and 129 (6.8%) had Canadian, foreign, or mixed funding, respectively. The proportion of trainees remaining in Canada decreased over time, with 35.5% (679/1913); 17.7% (186/1052); 10.8% (11/102) in Canada one, five, and ten years, respectively after their exit from PGME training. Trainees who remained on visas (HR: 1.91; [95% CI 1.59, 2.30]), were funded exclusively by foreign sources (HR: 1.46; [95% CI 1.25, 1.69]), and who had graduated from 'Western' countries (HR: 1.39; [95% CI 1.06, 1.84]) were more likely to leave Canada compared to trainees who became citizens/permanent residents, were funded by Canadian sources, or were visa graduates of Canadian medical schools, respectively.
Most visa trainees leave Canada following their training. Trainees with Canadian connections (funding and/or change in legal status) were more likely to remain in Canada.
持学生或工作签证在加拿大接受培训的签证受训者（国际医学毕业生 [IMG]），培训结束后预计将返回原籍国。我们研究了由加拿大（常规部委和其他来源）、外国或混合来源资助的签证受训住院医师的保留模式。
我们将加拿大医学后教育注册处的数据与斯科特医学数据库进行了链接，以进行回顾性队列研究。合格的受训者是在培训第一年就持有签证的 IMG 签证受训者，他们的住院医师培训课程开始时间不早于 2000 年，并且在 2006 年至 2016 年期间完成培训。我们使用 Cox 回归比较了不同资金来源对签证受训者保留的影响。
在 1913 名签证受训者中，分别有 431 名（22.5%）、1353 名（70.7%）和 129 名（6.8%）接受了加拿大、外国或混合资金资助。随着时间的推移，留在加拿大的受训者比例逐渐下降，在 PGME 培训结束后一年、五年和十年，分别有 35.5%（679/1913）、17.7%（186/1052）和 10.8%（11/102）的受训者留在加拿大。仍持签证的受训者（HR：1.91；[95% CI 1.59，2.30]）、完全由外国资助的受训者（HR：1.46；[95% CI 1.25，1.69]）和来自“西方国家”（HR：1.39；[95% CI 1.06，1.84]）的受训者更有可能离开加拿大，而成为公民/永久居民、接受加拿大资助或毕业于加拿大医学院的受训者留在加拿大的可能性更高。
大多数签证受训者在培训结束后离开加拿大。与成为加拿大公民/永久居民、获得加拿大资助或毕业于加拿大医学院的受训者相比，与加拿大有联系（资金和/或法律地位的改变）的受训者更有可能留在加拿大。
