Williams Rachel, Hui Alex
University of Houston College of Optometry, Houston, United States.
School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Clin Exp Optom. 2022 Mar;105(2):149-156. doi: 10.1080/08164622.2021.1945409. Epub 2021 Aug 18.
Healthcare in the twenty-first century has witnessed an increased use of prescription drugs. As a member of a patient's health care team, optometrists should be aware of the pharmaceuticals taken by patients and their potential ocular complications. This paper will discuss the most prescribed medications in Australia today and their effects on the visual system. The paper will review the agents used to treat six common systemic conditions, their frequency of use, mechanism of action, clinical indications, and potential ocular manifestations. Literature has documented both positive and negative associations of systemic medications on the eye's health. Many associations documented here have shown conflicting evidence, thus warranting further investigation. Based on the frequency and severity of the ocular manifestations in the literature, recommendations for clinical care are given. Being familiar with the most common ocular side effects associated with common systemic medications aids in the correct and timely diagnosis of ocular complications to prevent permanent sequelae.
21世纪的医疗保健领域中，处方药的使用有所增加。作为患者医疗团队的一员，验光师应该了解患者所服用的药物及其潜在的眼部并发症。本文将讨论当今澳大利亚最常用的药物及其对视觉系统的影响。本文将回顾用于治疗六种常见全身性疾病的药物、其使用频率、作用机制、临床适应症以及潜在的眼部表现。文献记载了全身性药物与眼部健康之间的正相关和负相关关系。这里记录的许多关联都显示出相互矛盾的证据，因此有必要进一步研究。根据文献中眼部表现的频率和严重程度，给出了临床护理建议。熟悉常见全身性药物相关的最常见眼部副作用有助于正确及时地诊断眼部并发症，以防止永久性后遗症。
