Wojas Oksana, Żalikowska-Gardocka Marta, Krzych-Fałta Edyta, Samoliński Bolesław, Przybyłkowski Adam
Department of Prevention of Environmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Gastroenterology and General Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2021 Feb;38(2):36-42. doi: 10.5114/ada.2019.87237. Epub 2019 Aug 20.
Eosinophilic esophagitis is a newly described entity of increasing incidence. Previously thought to be a variation of gastroesophageal reflux disease, now it becomes well known among gastroenterologists, allergologists, paediatricians and pathologists. Aetiology of the disease is strongly correlated with atopic and allergic disorders but exact pathogenesis and cellular mechanisms of inflammatory process in the esophagus are still unknown. Diagnostic criteria have been described but diagnostic tools are still in the research and improvement phase. Clinical manifestation varies considerably between age groups, which causes a delay in the course of diagnosis due to improperly recognized symptoms. Since eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic disease without a tendency to be self-limiting, delayed diagnosis may lead to complications associated with oesophageal tissue remodelling. Some forms of treatment are approved and of great therapeutical value, nevertheless clinical trials of new medications provide new possibilities. Therefore, many questions regarding eosinophilic esophagitis arise and are still unanswered.
嗜酸性食管炎是一种新描述的、发病率不断上升的疾病。以前被认为是胃食管反流病的一种变体，现在它在胃肠病学家、过敏症专科医生、儿科医生和病理学家中广为人知。该疾病的病因与特应性和过敏性疾病密切相关，但食管炎症过程的确切发病机制和细胞机制仍不清楚。诊断标准已经有了描述，但诊断工具仍处于研究和改进阶段。不同年龄组的临床表现差异很大，这会因症状识别不当而导致诊断过程延迟。由于嗜酸性食管炎是一种无自限倾向的慢性疾病，诊断延迟可能导致与食管组织重塑相关的并发症。一些治疗方法已获批准且具有很大的治疗价值，不过新药的临床试验提供了新的可能性。因此，关于嗜酸性食管炎出现了许多问题，且仍未得到解答。
